The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 in India comes 34 years after the previous policy, announced in 1986 and revised in 1992.

Sociology Optional Mains Paper 2 for UPSC | Year 2023 |Highlight the salient features of the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 | Triumph IAS

Highlight the salient features of the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020

Section: A.
Sociology Paper 2023 Analysis.
Relevant for Paper-1 :  Politics and Society

Question- 5 (C): Highlight the salient features of the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020

(10 Marks)

Introduction: Provide background and context, introducing the topic and its significance.

Main Body: Present key features of new education  policy and integrate it to  perspectives of various sociologists.

Conclusion: On the lines of empowerment of individuals.

Introduction: 

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 in India comes 34 years after the previous policy, announced in 1986 and revised in 1992. It took six years of work and consultations with thousands of educators, policymakers, and members of civil society. It was truly a democratic effort and is highly aspirational, aiming for India to “have an education system by 2040 that is second to none with equitable access to the highest quality education for all learners, regardless of social and economic background.”

Main body:

  • Durkheim posited that education serves as a conduit for the transmission of social norms. The NEP’s chief purpose aligns with Durkheim’s idea, aiming to reform the education system and bridge the gap between current learning outcomes and those desired. It recognizes the evolving world and articulates that the purpose of the education system is to develop good human beings capable of rational thought, compassion, empathy, courage, resilience, scientific temper, and creative imagination.
  • Parsons viewed schools as microcosms of societies, emphasizing that educational achievement results in disparate rewards. NEP 2020 seeks to address disparities by broadening the scope of “quality education” and shifting towards holistic, inquiry-based learning, reducing the emphasis on rote learning and content-based examinations.
  • Sally Tomlinson advocated for education as a liberating, humanizing, and democratizing force. NEP 2020’s emphasis on equity, inclusion, and multidisciplinary education aligns with the idea of education as a liberating force, aiming to create engaged, productive, and contributing citizens for an equitable and inclusive society.
  • NEP’s biggest effort is to bring gender sensitivity as an integral part of curriculum and gender inclusion fund to be raised upto class 12 which covers all the socio-economically disadvantaged groups and also the transgenders.
  • Bowles and Gintis characterized the education system as a myth-making machine with a hidden curriculum that serves the interests of the dominant group. NEP 2020 aims to break away from traditional silos of education streams and emphasizes multidisciplinary education, addressing the hidden curriculum by focusing on 21st-century skills and critical thinking.
  • Ivan Illich argued that education reinforces existing social relations and stifles creativity. And Pierre Bourdieu highlighted the role of education in reproducing cultural capita NEP 2020 addresses these concerns by promoting inclusive education, avoiding segregation, and focusing on diverse languages, ensuring that education is not a tool for reproducing inequalities.
  • Learning becomes more abstract at higher levels, the ability to comprehend abstract ideas is tied to linguistic proficiency. Individuals from different sections of society like tribal, with diversified linguistic ability, face challenges in acquiring cultural capital, an investment that assures returns.
  • Hence focus of new education policy on vernacular language has tried to solve the issue and make learning easier.
  • The focus on teacher training and new pedagogical and curriculum as envisaged by New Education Policy helps for better adaptational capacity and help in motivation mobilisation.

Conclusion:

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 emerges as a transformative initiative, echoing the insights of educational philosophers. It aspires to reshape education, fostering rationality, inclusivity, and creativity, dismantling traditional paradigms to create a system that empowers individuals and transcends socio-economic barriers.


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