Central Vigilance Commission (CVC)
(Relevant for Polity Section of General Studies Paper Prelims/Mains)
Central Vigilance Commission (CVC)
The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) stands as India’s foremost anti-corruption entity, holding authority over the supervision of vigilance functions within the central government and its affiliated entities. Originating from an executive resolution in 1964, as per the recommendations of the Santhanam Committee, the CVC was subsequently granted legal recognition through the CVC Act of 2003.
Main Features and Functions of the CVC are:
- Structure: The composition of the CVC is constituted by a Central Vigilance Commissioner and a maximum of two Vigilance Commissioners. These appointments are made by the President upon the recommendation of a committee composed of the Prime Minister, the Home Minister, and the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha. Their tenure spans four years or until they reach the age of 65, depending on which comes first.
- Authority: The CVC holds authority over all employees within the central government, excluding armed forces personnel. Additionally, it exercises jurisdiction over various entities such as central government organizations, corporations, societies, and local authorities. Furthermore, its reach extends to encompass employees of public sector undertakings, nationalized banks, and insurance companies.
- Providing counsel to the central government concerning matters concerning vigilance policy, standards, and procedures.
- Receiving and addressing reports of corruption or inappropriate conduct involving public servants, and undertaking investigations or inquiries as necessary.
- Exercising oversight over the operations of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) in connection to cases falling under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
- Monitoring the advancement of disciplinary cases concerning public servants and issuing directives to expedite their resolution.
- Suggesting appropriate actions to be taken against public servants found responsible for corruption or misconduct. Implementing preemptive vigilance measures such as performing assessments, audits, evaluations, etc., to identify and prevent corruption.
- Raising awareness and imparting knowledge to public servants and citizens regarding the negative consequences of corruption and the importance of integrity and ethics in public affairs.
The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) has played a pivotal role in upholding ethical conduct and responsibility in public affairs by revealing and penalizing numerous instances of corruption and improper behavior involving public servants. A few illustrations include:
- 2G Spectrum Scam: The CVC referred the case to the CBI for inquiry and oversaw its advancement. Furthermore, the CVC furnished a report to the Supreme Court detailing its findings and recommendations.
- Coal Block Allocation Scam: The CVC forwarded the case to the CBI for investigation and supervised its development. The CVC also submitted a report to the Supreme Court outlining its discoveries and suggestions.
- Commonwealth Games Scam: The CVC performed assessments, audits, examinations, and investigations into multiple facets of the games, encompassing infrastructure development, procurements, contracts, etc. These actions eventually resulted in the conviction of Suresh Kalmadi.
The Central Vigilance Commission is often limited in its powers as it is treated as an advisory body with no power to register cases. Even though it is an independent agency, it lacks the resources and power to take action on complaints. Such shortcomings of the systems need to be addressed to curb the menace of corruption in the rapidly growing economy.
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At the beginning of the journey for Civil Services Examination preparation, many students face a pivotal decision – selecting their optional subject. Questions such as “which optional subject is the best?” and “which optional subject is the most scoring?” frequently come to mind. Choosing the right optional subject, like choosing the best sociology optional teacher, is a subjective yet vital step that requires a thoughtful decision based on facts. A misstep in this crucial decision can indeed prove disastrous.
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