IAS, SANJITA MOHAPATRA
There is enough for everyone’s need but not for anyone’s greed.
(Relevant for Essay Writing for UPSC Civil Services Examination)
There is enough for everyone’s need but not for anyone’s greed.“Brushed, dented, stabbed over the years, the mother nature stands exasperated,
the holy earth bleeding to its death, Humans overlook; obfuscated;
oblivious of its own selfish deeds, bringing down its own doomsday;
nearer & nearer, every single day, with his every single greedy act.”
When god shaped the earth, he exclaimed at his creation with admiration And then built man in his own image to dwell on the earth and enjoy its beauty. Man hopped on all over the earth, in awe of its beauty. Relishing on the nature’s creation, he could not but stop his curiosity. He revered the nature initially, but then it felt nature to be a shrew which to be tamed. Drunk on his ego, he let his greed rise unbridled. And went on stomping the same beauty he someday revered too.
So what really happened that humans grew from worshipping mother nature to destroying it? Since the Stone Age, humans revered nature. As Max Mueller pointed out the form of religion being naturism, humans were in awe of nature, hence worshipped, fire, earth, rain, to propitiate them. Slowly with development of agriculture settled population, humans began to produce more than needed for subsistence. As Karl Marx, famous sociologist pointed out, humans tried to dominate nature in order to tame it.
And till date what we see in the modern world is constant struggle between man and nature to dominate. Man through his discovery has even triumphed over creation of babies. Man has come a long way in his quest. But in this journey somewhere humans have ignored the basic tenant, that nature has always been more powerful.
What are the basic needs of humans to survive?
Humans need air to breathe, water to drink, food to eat and shelter to protect from vagaries of nature to survive. But as time passes by human needs keep on changing. Animals have a passive relationship with nature, hence their needs are limited. But humans have an active relationship with the environment. As one need gets satisfied, a new need arises.
Slowly the basic needs gave way to fundamental needs such as clothes, education, healthcare, etc. The fundamental needs are needed to ensure living a decent life in the world.
Transformation of “needs” into “wants & desire”
With the development of technology, rise of globalization, there was widespread advancement in people’s life. people no longer were content with living a life of sustenance. Modernization had opened new vistas of opportunities. Development of esoteric education had encouraged people to aspire for a higher standard of living. Societies encouraged and rewarded those with higher educational and professional attainment. Higher prestige was accorded to people with higher merit. Hence the goal of humans became attainment of as higher standard of living as possible Reason being to achieve higher status and power. In this process of ‘wants’, humans exploited the environment (physical, social, political, economical) for his own need. greed developed.
Chain of exploitation by humans:
Large-scale manufacturing required vast tracts of lands for the establishment of industries as well as dwelling units. Forests were cleared to accommodate the same.
In the initial phases, dirty coal technology to generate power wreaked untold misery on the environment, be it air, water, or soil. Industrialization was not a standalone phenomena but a chain of events which literally upset the complete delicate balance of nature.
Rise of capitalism in the century around was thought of then as a free market economy giving the best to people and extracting the best from the market. As true passed on it was observed, the trickledown theory as envisaged has failed. A powerful few have appropriated the wealth of the world. Here the recent Oxfam Report on Annual Wealth Statistics is a case in point, where 10% of the global rich have 77% of the global wealth. In a stark example of inequality, the richest man on Earth, Jeff Bezos – his 1% fortune is equivalent to the total health budget of Ethiopia.
Capitalism has resulted in widespread hedonism. People are no longer content. Mindless consumerism has grasped human imagination.
In spite of being aware of the immense destructive potential of weapons, the arms industry continues to lobby for sale of arms even to rogue nation states. Ignoring the fact that they may ultimately fall into the hands of non-state actors unleashing widespread destruction.
The greed of capitalists, industrialists, big corporations for money, power status has decimated the life of common man to mere animal existence And it has led to untold miseries.
Effect of all the above on humans and the environment as a whole:
Most telling impact of the mindless greed of humans have is on environmental destruction. Be it the air, It water, the soil everything has been polluted beyond repair. As per Lancet Study 9 million people die every year only due to air pollution. WHO points out that in years to come air and water pollution will be single biggest reason for deaths globally.
Coupled with above another big challenge being posed to humankind is climate change. The rising emission of greenhouse gases due to unmindful burning of fossil fuels, deforestation etc has slowly turned earth into ‘hothouse earth’. The recent devastating cyclone Fani is being reported to be the only second tropical storm between 1874 – 2018 having developed in April and being so destructive. Cyclones, hurricanes have become a common thing now. Destruction of ocean biodiversity is creating havoc as well. And the worst affected by this are the poor with least – resources for sustenance. Madagascar was hit by two devastating cyclones in a row but evoked only a whimper from global community. It stands shattered today. People on the coast of Odisha especially the fishing hamlets have lost their fishing nets boats, their means of livelihood. It may take years for them to rebound back. In the meantime, they will slowly sink back into poverty And this is but just one example from a sea of numerous disasters.
Poverty is on the rise. Inequality is becoming glaring as evident from the Oxfam report. In the last decade the wealth of bottom 10% fell by 12% while top 10% rose by 11%. The poor are becoming poorer by the day. We need to remember that ‘Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere.’
Poverty is the mother of all crimes. Because of the greed of few to appropriate wealth, they are unwittingly creating a group of vengeful people who feel excluded from enjoying the fruits of development.
All of this ultimately leads to an unstable disturbed society devoid of peace. Such a world is poised to turn into a chaotic place sooner or later. Hence the unbridled desire of people to accumulate wealth, power, prestige to the exclusion of few will result in widespread chaos in the end.
So how do we now take steps to redeem the damage unleashed by us?
Humans have to take a step back and ferry off all realize the mess they have created. They need to comprehend the gravity of their misdeeds. Then only they can attempt to redeem it. Here the 7 sins as enumerated by Mahatma Gandhi need to be avoided such as pleasure without conscience being most important .
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