Relevant for SOCIOLOGY Syllabus-
Population dynamics: Population size, growth, composition and distribution.
Components of population growth: birth, death, migration.
Population policy and family planning.
NEWS IN SHORT:
The attempt on the part of the incumbent government, to project the Bengali Muslim community as a civilisational threat to Assam’s indigenous communities is not going to help.
Now it has been made clear that except for the tea tribes, Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes, the two-child norms will be applicable for all benefits of the government, including the loan waiver schemes.
SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Syllabus: Population Dynamics:
- Population size, growth, composition and distribution.
- Components of population growth: birth, death, migration.
- Rapid population growth in developing countries in the middle of the 20th century led to fears of a population explosion and motivated the inception of what effectively became a global population-control program.
- The initiative, propelled in its beginnings by intellectual elites in the United States, Sweden, and some developing countries, mobilized resources to enact policies aimed at reducing fertility by widening contraception provision and changing family-size norms.
- The fast decline in fertility rates in developing economies stands in sharp contrast with the gradual decline experienced earlier by more mature economies.
- Demography is the statistical study of human populations. It encompasses the study of the size, structure, and distribution of these populations, and spatial and/or temporal changes in them in response to birth, migration, aging, and death.
- Population change depends on the rate of natural increase and net migration.
- Natural increase is calculated by the fertility rate minus the mortality rate.
- Net migration depends on in-migration and out-migration.
- Natural increase: Population growth that depends on the fertility rate and the mortality rate.
- Net migration: The difference of immigrants and emigrants of an area in a period of time, divided (usually) per 1,000 inhabitants (considered on midterm population). A positive value represents more people entering the country than leaving it, while a negative value mean more people leaving than entering it.
- demography: The study of human populations and how they change.