Table of Contents

Relevance: G.S paper I: Society and social issues & Sociology: Emile Durkheim: Suicide

Why In News?

Recently, The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) released data on suicides and the number of accidental deaths across the nation.

According to the data, more than 1.39 lakh people committed suicide in the country.

Data on Suicide-

10,281 farmers, cultivators and farm labourers committed suicide in 2019, only 68 less than the number of farmers who committed suicide in 2018.
Farmers comprise 7.4% of all people who died due to suicide in India.
Between 2018 and 2019, the number of people dying in suicides is 3.4%.
The highest proportion of suicide victims (23.3 per cent) were educated up to matriculation while only 3.7 per cents were graduates and above,

State-wise performance-

All states in southern India beginning from Maharashtra have suicide rates higher than the national average.
Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka accounting for almost 50% of all suicides.
The all-India rate of suicides is 10.4, the rate of suicides in Kerala is 24.3, Telangana 20.6, Tamil Nadu 17.8 and Karnataka 17.1.
Maharashtra’s is 15.4, Goa 16.8 and Andhra Pradesh 12.4.
At 0.5, Bihar has the lowest suicide rate in the country among states. UP recorded a suicide rate of 2.4 and Jharkhand 4.4.

- One in every three who died of suicide in 2019 took the step due to family Problems and poorer backgrounds accounting for 32.4%
Illness

- Being ill, and substance abuse were the other major known causes (together accounting for 23%).
Bankruptcy or indebtedness

- Bankruptcy or indebtedness, unemployment and poverty led to at least 11,500 suicides, about 8.2% of all such fatalities.
Poorer backgrounds
- Suicides among daily wage earners were higher about 32,500. They comprised 23% of those who died due to suicide.
- A majority of those committing suicide, however, were from poorer backgrounds.

The National Crime Records Bureau( NCRB) is an Indian government agency responsible for collecting and analysing crime data as defined by the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and Special and Local Laws (SLL). NCRB is headquartered in New Delhi.
It is part of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Government of India.
NCRB was set-up in 1986 to function as a repository of information on crime and criminals so as to assist the investigators in linking crime to the perpetrators based on the recommendations of the Tandon Committee, National Police Commission (1977-1981) and the MHA’s Taskforce (1985).
Subsequently, NCRB was entrusted with the responsibility for monitoring, coordinating and implementing the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS) project .

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National Crime Report Bureau data on suicide & Prevention