IAS Medha Anand, has get 310 marks in his optional subject sociology, 156 in paper – 1 &  154 marks in Paper -2 in CSE 2023. Notably, Sociology for UPSC has garnered a reputation as one of the Highest scoring optional subjects in the UPSC Main Examination, with numerous candidates consistently achieving 300+. Its popularity is evident in the fact that a significant proportion of top 100 rankers opt for Sociology as their optional subject, showcasing its high scoring potential, particularly for those not from sociology backgrounds. Moreover, relevance of Sociology Optional Syllabus for UPSC extends beyond the examination hall, enriching understanding across various aspects of life, from social and economic to political and cultural domains. In recent times, Sociology Optional has gained traction, aligning with the evolving trend of the UPSC Mains towards conceptual analysis. Unlike other optional subjects with unpredictable question patterns, Sociology offers stability and predictability, making it an attractive choice. This adaptability, coupled with its concise syllabus and relevance to both academic and social spheres, positions Sociology as the ideal optional subject for engineers as well as optional subject for commerce graduates and optional subject for  science graduates seeking success in the Civil Services Examination. For those pursuing Sociology as an optional subject, accessing comprehensive Sociology optional notes and few good Sociology optional books, and previous years’ UPSC sociology optional question papers is pivotal for thorough preparation. Additionally, for aspirants seeking guidance, renowned  educator Vikash Ranjan Sir at TRIUMPH IAS coaching institutes in Delhi, offer valuable support and resources. Vikash Ranjan Sir is the Best Sociology Teacher and Triumph IAS is the
best sociology coaching in Delhi. If you are away from Old Rajendra Nagar, Delhi, you can still complete Journey of UPSC civil service preparation through online Sociology class The  scientific nature of Sociology, coupled with its direct applicability to daily social interactions, renders it a subject that can be comprehended without extensive reference materials, distinguishing it from other optional subjects requiring extensive reading and research.

IMFs Gita Gopinath on Indias Path to Development by 2047

The International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) First Deputy Managing Director, Gita Gopinath, emphasized the need for several structural reforms to position India as a developed nation by 2047. Speaking at an event at the Delhi School of Economics, she highlighted the importance of implementing labour codes at the state level, expanding the tax base, simplifying the Goods and Services Tax (GST), and promoting trade by reducing import tariffs.Gopinath noted that although India’s average growth rate was 6.6 percent from 2010 to 2020, employment growth was under 2 percent, indicating a lack of focus on labor development. To address this, she suggested that the policy framework should be revised to encourage hiring and incentivize states to adopt labor laws. Additionally, she called for increased investment in education, infrastructure, and health to support overall development.While discussing fiscal resources, Gopinath stated that enhancing efficiency in expenditure is crucial, and increasing revenue through taxes is necessary. She pointed out that the ongoing reforms are vital for India to achieve its goal of becoming a developed nation by 2047, reflecting a comprehensive approach to economic growth and development.

Gita Gopinath on India’s Economic Prospects and Reforms

IMF’s First Deputy Managing Director, Gita Gopinath, emphasized the need for several structural reforms to sustain India’s economic growth momentum in the long run. Speaking at an event at the Delhi School of Economics, she highlighted key areas that require attention:

Labor Reforms

Gopinath stressed the importance of implementing the labor codes passed by Parliament in 2019, which strike a balance between labor market flexibility and worker protections. She called these reforms a “nice blend” that should be prioritized.

Tax Reforms

Gopinath suggested simplifying the Goods and Services Tax (GST) by reducing the number of rates and widening the tax net. She estimated that an additional 1.5% of GDP could be raised through further rationalization and simplification of GST. She also highlighted the need to manage tax exemptions to ensure the government does not end up giving more than it collects.

Property Tax

Gopinath suggested that property taxes, currently an “untouched territory” for India, could yield good revenue in the longer run. She emphasized the importance of ensuring sufficient progressivity in the tax system and earning enough from capital gains.

Import Tariffs

Gopinath pointed out that India’s import tariffs are currently too high compared to other similar countries, which could discourage foreign trade and inflow of funds. She stressed the need to reduce these tariff rates to enhance India’s integration into global supply chains.

Expenditure Reforms

While developing countries cannot reduce expenditures, Gopinath suggested reforms in certain areas, such as fertilizer subsidies. She highlighted the need to target subsidies based on farm size, citing a pilot project in Karnataka.

Education and Skilling

Gopinath emphasized the importance of investing in revamping the education system to ensure more years of education and better quality. She acknowledged the potential threat of automation to employment and stressed the need for policies that do not tilt towards automation. Addressing the skill mismatch in the workforce is crucial for increasing employment and per capita incomes.By implementing these reforms, Gopinath believes India can maintain its position as the fastest-growing major economy and achieve its goal of becoming a developed nation by 2047. However, she cautioned that sustaining structural reforms on a continuous basis can be challenging, and policies can make a difference if a country can keep up the reform momentum.

The End of the Blog : IMFs Gita Gopinath on Indias Path to Development by 2047