Critically examine DN Dhanagares views on agrarian movements in India
Section: B.
Sociology Paper 2011.
Relevant for Sociology Optional for Civil Services Examination.
Paper 2: Unit-13 Social Changes in India; Social movement in Modern India
Question: Critically examine DN Dhanagares views on agrarian movements in India
– 20 Marks
Introduction: Brief Introduction About D.N. Dhanagare.Main Body: D.N. Dhanagare Viewpoint on Agrarian Movements.Conclusion: Significance Towards Indian Sociological Studies of Agrarian Movement. |
Introduction:
- D.N. Dhanagare was an eminent Indian sociologist and scholar known for his extensive work on agrarian movements in India. His views on agrarian movements provide valuable insights into the dynamics of rural protest and social change.
Main Body:
D.N. Dhanagare viewpoint on agrarian movements, Limitations of D.N. Dhanagare viewpoint
- Historical Context: He emphasized that these movements evolved over time in response to changing socio-economic and political conditions.
- Comparative Analysis: Dhanagare’s drawS a comparative analysis between the Shetkari Sangathan and the populist People’s Party of the USA in the 1890s contextualizing and understanding agrarian movements within a broader historical and global framework.
- Class Character of Agrarian Movements: Dhanagare emphasized the class character of agrarian movements. He argued that these movements were primarily driven by class-based conflicts between landlords and peasants, with the latter seeking to assert their rights and improve their economic conditions.
- Peasant Mobilization: Dhanagare highlighted the role of leadership and mobilization in agrarian movements. He believed that charismatic leaders played a crucial role in galvanizing peasants and organizing collective action. Dhanagare emphasizes the unique leadership characteristics within the Shetkari Sangathan and other agrarian movements. The fact that farmer leaders were not just mobilizers
- Modes of Protest: Dhanagare categorized agrarian movements into various modes of protest, such as petitions, demonstrations, and armed struggles. He argued that the choice of protest methods depended on the balance of power between landlords and peasants.
- Impact of Liberalization: He brought out the dimensions of the rift between different farmers’ movements in response to liberalization and GATT reforms and underscores the challenges faced by agrarian movements when dealing with changing economic and political contexts
- Ideological Inspirations: He mentioned Sharad Joshi’s references to thinkers like Rosa Luxemburg and Mahatma Gandhi to indicate that the intellectual underpinnings of the movement were diverse, drawing from both Western and Indian thought. This suggests a broad ideological spectrum within the movement
- State Response: Dhanagare examined the role of the state in agrarian movements, particularly in terms of its repressive actions and attempts to co-opt or reform agrarian structures. He argued that the state’s response often depended on its perception of the threat posed by the movement.
Limitations of N. Dhanagare viewpoint:
- One criticism of Dhanagare’s work is that it tends to focus predominantly on North India and may not fully capture the regional variations in agrarian movements across India.
- Moreover, some scholars have argued that his framework leans towards a deterministic view of agrarian movements, where class conflicts are seen as the sole driving force.
- It is criticised for overemphasis on role of leadership tends to underplay the significance the agency of mass peasants.
Conclusion:
D.N. Dhanagare’s views on agrarian movements in India provide a valuable framework for understanding the class dynamics, leadership, and historical context of these movements.. His ability to capture the complexities of agrarian movements and their socio-political implications is recognized as a valuable contribution to the discipline.
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