{"id":9519,"date":"2020-08-13T16:50:04","date_gmt":"2020-08-13T11:20:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=9519"},"modified":"2023-04-12T17:54:27","modified_gmt":"2023-04-12T12:24:27","slug":"mount-sinabung-volcanic-eruption-in-indonesias","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/mount-sinabung-volcanic-eruption-in-indonesias\/","title":{"rendered":"Mount Sinabung: Volcanic eruption in Indonesia\u2019s\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<header class=\"entry-header\">\n<h1>Mount Sinabung: Volcanic eruption in Indonesia\u2019s<\/h1>\n<div class=\"entry-meta\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; background-color: #ffff00;\"><strong>Relevance: Prelims: Geography<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b>Why In News?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Recently,<strong>\u00a0Mt. Sinabung<\/strong>, which is an active volcano on\u00a0<strong>Indonesia\u2019s Sumatra island has erupted.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/media\/2020\/8\/12\/9\/28\/57\/sumatra.jpg\" alt=\"Indonesia's Mount Sinabung volcano erupted, sending a column of ash and smoke more than 16,000 feet into the air ...\" \/><\/p>\n<h4><b>Background:<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>The volcano became active in 2010, erupting after nearly 400 years of inactivity.<\/li>\n<li>According to the information maintained by the National Museum of Natural History\u2019s Global Volcanism Program another eruptive phase for the volcano began in September 2013, which continued uninterrupted until June 2018.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mount Sinabung, which is 2,460 m high<\/strong>, is among Indonesia\u2019s most active volcanoes but had been inactive for four centuries before its 2010 eruption.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Indonesia is home to nearly 130 active volcanoes<\/strong>, due to its position on the<strong>\u00a0\u201cRing of Fire\u201d, or the Circum-Pacific Belt.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h4><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/volcano.si.edu\/images\/bulletin\/261080\/3901sin06f.jpg\" alt=\"Global Volcanism Program | Sinabung\" \/><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b>What is Ring of Fire?<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>It is also called as the\u00a0<strong>Circum-Pacific Belt<\/strong>, is a path along the Pacific Ocean\u00a0<strong>characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It traces boundaries between several tectonic plates\u2014including the Pacific, Cocos, Indian-Australian, Nazca, North American, and Philippine Plates.<\/li>\n<li>It is home to about\u00a0<strong>75 per cent of the world\u2019s volcanoes<\/strong>\u00a0and about\u00a0<strong>90 per cent of its earthquakes.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>In the\u00a0<strong>realm of Ring of Fire, the tectonic plate<\/strong>s overlap at convergent boundaries which results in subduction zones. Here, the plate which is below at the convergent boundary is pushed down, or subducted, by the plate above. As the rock is subducted, it melts and becomes magma. The abundance of magma so near to Earth\u2019s surface gives rise to conditions ripe for volcanic activity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kids-fun-science.com\/images\/xrf-ring-of-fire.jpg.pagespeed.ic.LKAXm6v7Uu.jpg\" alt=\"What is Ring of Fire?\" \/><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b>About volcanic eruptions:<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>A\u00a0<strong>volcano is a vent or fissure in Earth\u2019s crust<\/strong>\u00a0through which lava, ash, rocks, and gases erupt.<\/li>\n<li>A volcano can be\u00a0<strong>active, dormant or extinct.<\/strong>\u00a0An eruption takes place when magma (a thick flowing substance), formed when the earth\u2019s mantle melts, rises to the surface.<\/li>\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>magma is lighter than solid rock<\/strong>, it is able to rise through vents and fissures on the surface of the earth. After it has erupted, it is called lava.<\/li>\n<li>Not all volcanic eruptions are explosive since explosivity depends on the composition of the magma.<\/li>\n<li>When the magma is runny and thin, gases can easily escape it, in which case, the magma will flow out towards the surface and if the magma is thick and dense, gases cannot escape it, which builds up pressure inside until the gases escape in a violent explosion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b>Consequences of Volcanic Eruption:<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/media\/chapter\/58903\/media\/F2.png\" alt=\"Health Impact of Volcanic Emissions | IntechOpen\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the most common cause of death from a volcano is suffocation, making people with respiratory conditions such as asthma and other chronic lung diseases especially susceptible.<\/li>\n<li>Population living in close vicinity to the volcano, or in low-lying areas downwind, are also at higher risk in case of an explosion since the ash may be gritty and abrasive and small ash particles can scratch the surface of the eyes.<\/li>\n<li>The volcanic eruptions can result in additional threats to health such as floods, mudslides, power outages, drinking water contamination and wildfires.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/d32ogoqmya1dw8.cloudfront.net\/images\/NAGTWorkshops\/health\/case_studies\/distribution_hazardous_volcani_1354203762.png\" alt=\"Health Effects of Volcanic Ash\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>For more such notes, Articles, News &amp; Views Join our Telegram Channel.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Telegram Link\" href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/triumphias\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>https:\/\/t.me\/triumphias<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Click the link below to see the details about the UPSC \u2013Civils courses offered by Triumph IAS.<\/strong> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" title=\"Courses available\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/pages-all-courses.php\">https:\/\/triumphias.com\/pages-all-courses.php<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mount Sinabung: Volcanic eruption in Indonesia\u2019s Relevance: Prelims: Geography Why In News? Recently,\u00a0Mt. Sinabung, which is an active volcano on\u00a0Indonesia\u2019s<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3527,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[123,7,15],"tags":[2927,4465,150,4467,4459,4464,4463,4458,2843,4461,4466,4462,1391,392,390,4460],"class_list":["post-9519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","category-general-studies-i","category-geography","tag-consequences","tag-explosive-eruption","tag-geography","tag-health-threats","tag-indonesia","tag-lava","tag-magma","tag-mount-sinabung","tag-natural-disasters","tag-ring-of-fire","tag-suffocation","tag-tectonic-plates","tag-triumph-ias","tag-union-public-service-commission-upsc","tag-upsc","tag-volcanic-eruption"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9519","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9519"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9519\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14033,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9519\/revisions\/14033"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3527"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9519"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9519"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}