{"id":8837,"date":"2020-07-04T18:39:29","date_gmt":"2020-07-04T13:09:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=8837"},"modified":"2020-07-04T18:39:29","modified_gmt":"2020-07-04T13:09:29","slug":"covaxin-indias-first-covid-19-vaccine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/covaxin-indias-first-covid-19-vaccine\/","title":{"rendered":"COVAXIN: India\u2019s first COVID-19 vaccine"},"content":{"rendered":"

Relevance: Prelims: Science & Technology<\/span><\/h3>\n

\"COVID-19<\/p>\n

Context:<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u2022 India\u2019s first indigenous COVID-19 vaccine (COVAXIN) developed by a Hyderabad-based company in collaboration with the ICMR is all set to be tested on humans.<\/p>\n

\u2022 The permission from the Drugs Controller General of India to carry out phase-1 and phase-2 human clinical trials was based on the safety and efficacy results of studies on mice, rats and rabbits.<\/p>\n

\u2022 The phase-1 trial of the candidate vaccine using inactivated (killed) novel coronavirus will begin this month to test its safety.<\/p>\n

\u2022 The virus used for developing the vaccine was isolated by the Pune-based National Institute of Virology from samples collected in India.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Meanwhile, a Pune-based company is all set to manufacture two-three million doses of the University of Oxford vaccine if the results of its phase-1 clinical trial are encouraging.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Results will be expected in the first week of July.<\/p>\n

Manufacturing:<\/span><\/h3>\n

\"In<\/p>\n

\u2022 Millions of doses more will be manufactured if the results of the combined phase-2\/3 trial are reassuring.<\/p>\n

\u2022 In addition, the two companies are collaborating with universities and a biotechnology company to develop three more vaccines.<\/p>\n

\u2022 With the pandemic raging and no antivirals available to treat severe COVID-19 patients, a vaccine that is even partially effective and protects for about a year will be in demand.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Thus, an indigenous vaccine will mean guaranteed availability for Indians, while a significant percentage of the Oxford vaccine manufactured in India will be earmarked for local consumption.<\/p>\n

\u2022 This is one reason why many countries are earnestly attempting to develop a vaccine.<\/p>\n

\u2022 According to WHO, 17 candidate vaccines are in various stages of a human clinical trial, while 132 are in a pre-clinical trial stage.<\/p>\n

\"ICMR<\/h3>\n

Bypassing:<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u2022 On June 25, China\u2019s CanSino Biologics COVID-19 vaccine, became the first off the block when it was approved for use by the military for a period of one year.<\/p>\n

\u2022 The phase-1 and phase-2 trials found the vaccine to be safe with a \u201cpotential to protect\u201d against the disease.<\/p>\n

\u2022 It is unclear if the vaccination will be optional or mandatory.<\/p>\n

\u2022 This is not the first time that countries have made vaccines under development available to the military even before the completion of the trial.<\/p>\n

\u2022 There is growing concern that speeding up vaccine development by bypassing certain crucial stages of the trial process may prove counterproductive.<\/p>\n

\u2022 In a poll in the U.S., one-third have said they would not get immunised against COVID-19 even if a vaccine was widely available and affordable.<\/p>\n

\u2022 While many expect science to find a quick-fix, experts envisage 12-18 months to get a vaccine commercialised, if at all.<\/p>\n

\u2022 But that timeline is already seen as aggressive.<\/p>\n

\u2022 If scientists develop a safe, efficacious vaccine soon, public trust in science could grow substantially but there would be serious consequences if it fails, particularly on the safety aspect.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Regulatory agencies have a responsibility to ensure COVID-19 vaccines deliver what they promise.<\/p>\n

Conclusion:<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u2022 Even partially effective vaccines will be in demand, but the safety aspect is paramount.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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