{"id":863,"date":"2018-06-01T22:46:52","date_gmt":"2018-06-01T17:16:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=863"},"modified":"2018-06-01T22:46:52","modified_gmt":"2018-06-01T17:16:52","slug":"mains-focus-1-june-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/mains-focus-1-june-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"Mains Focus (1-June-2018)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Paper 2<\/em><\/strong><em>:<\/em> <strong><em>Governance | Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong>Relevance<\/strong>: Universal Health Coverage, Importance of Resolution <\/em><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>WHO Adopts Resolution\u00a0on digital health brought out by India<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Why in News?<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The 71st World Health Assembly adopted the resolution on digital health brought out by India<\/strong>. The assembly is decision-making body of the WHO (World Health Organization).\u00a0 <strong>The 71st World Health Assembly was held last week in Geneva<\/strong> and was attended by delegations from all WHO member states<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>How important is this Resolution <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The resolution paves the path for WHO to establish a global strategy on digital health identifying priority areas including where WHO should focus its efforts and engages member states to optimize their health systems in sync with the global digital health agenda.<\/li>\n<li>Digital health is important in the context of countries achieving health-related SDG targets<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>Digital Health Technology <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>It has huge potential for supporting Universal Health Coverage and improving accessibility, quality and affordability of health services.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Paper 2<\/em><em>&#8211; <\/em><em>Development processes and the development industry the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong>Relevance<\/strong>:<\/em> Developmental<em> Issues with States<\/em><em> Special Category Status \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Bihar for Special Status<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Why in news<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chief Minister of Bihar demanded Special Status for Bihar. He has pointed out various issues, which have been a major blockade in Bihar\u2019s development<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Reason for demand <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bihar has <strong>highest proportion of backward district<\/strong>s as compared to any other state. In addition, Bihar has occupied <strong>the last rank in terms of real per capita GSDP<\/strong> (Gross State Domestic Product) \u00a0among all States in all the years 2000 through 2012. Bihar accounted for roughly 2.8 % of the GDP but 8.2% of the country\u2019s population during 2009-12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Special Status <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>There is no provision of special status in the constitution ,however Central government extend financial assistance to states that are at a comparative disadvantage against others<\/li>\n<li>It was in 1969, concept of Special Status emerged based on Gadgil Formula, which was centre assistance to states.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>14<sup>th<\/sup> Finance Commission and Special Category Status <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Central plan assistance to SCS States has been subsumed in an increased devolution of the divisible pool to all States (from 32% in the 13th FC recommendations to 42%.<\/li>\n<li>In addition, 14<sup>th<\/sup> FC recommended variables such as \u201cforest cover\u201d to be included in devolution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Paper 2:<\/em> <em>Governance | Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong>Relevance<\/strong>: Elections in India ,Transparency ,Election Commission of India<\/em><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Issues with VVPAT <\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Why in news?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The high incidence of glitches in the Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) machines in the recent by-elections.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>What are VVPAT machines? <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The Voter Verified Paper Audit Trail is a method that provides feedback to voters.<\/li>\n<li>It is an independent verification printer machine and is attached to electronic voting machines.<\/li>\n<li>It allows voters to verify if their vote has gone to the intended candidate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Issues with the VVPAT<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Ever since the implementation of the VVPAT system last year, machine malfunction and subsequent delays in polling have been recurring issues<\/li>\n<li>The ECI has suggested that these machines were more prone to malfunctioning due to their sensitivity to extreme weather conditions and exposure to light<\/li>\n<li>It also blamed the relative inexperience of polling officers handling them, compared to the ballot and control units for the electronic voting machines (EVMs) that have been in use for much longer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>What is the Election Commission\u2019s stand on the issue? <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The EC has time and again reiterated that EVMs cannot be tampered<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Do we need VVPAT?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>There is enough empirical evidence to show that EVMs have eased polling and helped increase voter turnout since being put to use<\/li>\n<li>But in using VVPAT machines to reassure sceptics about an election\u2019s integrity, the ECI has introduced a new element, and cost, to the process<\/li>\n<li>Considering these challenges, the ECI should consider deploying the VVPAT machines in a limited, statistically significant, randomly chosen set of polling booths<\/li>\n<li>This will reduce the possibility of glitches affecting the polling process as well-tested machines could be deployed (with enough replacements also handy) to such booths<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/vvpat.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-864\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/vvpat.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"632\" height=\"501\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/vvpat.jpg 632w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/vvpat-150x119.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/vvpat-300x238.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Paper 2: Governance | Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector\/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources. Relevance:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":865,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[123],"tags":[136,291],"class_list":["post-863","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","tag-current-affairs","tag-daily-current-affairs"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=863"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":866,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863\/revisions\/866"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/865"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=863"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=863"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=863"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}