{"id":6809,"date":"2020-03-03T15:31:54","date_gmt":"2020-03-03T10:01:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=6809"},"modified":"2020-03-03T15:31:54","modified_gmt":"2020-03-03T10:01:54","slug":"basics-of-environment-for-upsc-prelims","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/basics-of-environment-for-upsc-prelims\/","title":{"rendered":"Basics Of Environment For UPSC Prelims"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u25ba<span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>BIO-GEO CHEMICAL CYCLE<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Biogeo.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-6810\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Biogeo-1024x720.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"810\" height=\"570\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Biogeo-1024x720.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Biogeo-150x105.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Biogeo-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Biogeo-768x540.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Biogeo.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A pathway by which a chemical substance moves through biotic (biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) compartments of Earth.<\/li>\n<li>There are biogeochemical cycles for carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and water; and there are human-induced cycles such as those for mercury and atrazine.<\/li>\n<li>In this cycle energy is finally lost as heat while nutrient keep on recycling.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u25ba<strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #ff0000;\"><em>ECOLOGICAL NICHE<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/EcologyNiche.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6811\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/EcologyNiche.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"638\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/EcologyNiche.jpg 638w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/EcologyNiche-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/EcologyNiche-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In ecology, a niche is a term describing the <strong>relational position of a species or population <\/strong>in an ecosystem.<\/li>\n<li>More formally, the niche includes how a population responds to the abundance of its resources and enemies (e. g., by growing when resources are abundant, and predators, parasites and pathogens are scarce) and how it affects those same factors (e. g., by reducing the abundance of resources through consumption and contributing to the population growth of enemies by falling prey to them).<\/li>\n<li>The abiotic or physical environment is also part of the niche because it influences how populations affect, and are affected by, resources and enemies.<\/li>\n<li>The description of a niche may include descriptions of the organism&#8217;s life history, habitat, and place in the food chain.<\/li>\n<li>According to the competitive exclusion principle, no two species can occupy the same niche in the same environment for a long time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u25ba<span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #ff0000;\"><strong><em>ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ecological-Succession.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-6812\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ecological-Succession.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"850\" height=\"406\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ecological-Succession.jpg 850w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ecological-Succession-150x72.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ecological-Succession-300x143.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ecological-Succession-768x367.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A process of directional change in vegetation on an ecological time scale.<\/li>\n<li>In this process, a series of communities replace one another due to large scale natural or anthropogenic destructions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>TYPES OF ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Primary Succession: <\/strong>When a terrestrial site is first colonised by the pioneer species.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Secondary Succession: <\/strong>After Climax (destruction of an existing site), the sequential development of biotic communities.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Examples of succession:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For terrestrial land: Bare rocks \u2013 Lichens &#8212; Annual Plants &#8212; Perennial Plants and Grasses \u2013 Shrubs \u2013 Softwood Tress, Pines \u2013 Hardwood trees<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>For Hydrosere: Phytoplankton \u2013 submerged plant stage \u2013 Submerged free floating plant stage \u2013 Reed swamp stage(Sedge) \u2013 Marsh meadow stage \u2013 Scrub stage &#8211; Forest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>SERAL COMMUNITY (SERE)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>An intermediate stage found in ecological succession in an ecosystem advancing towards its climax community.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/seral-community-l.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-6813\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/seral-community-l-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"810\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/seral-community-l.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/seral-community-l-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/seral-community-l-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/seral-community-l-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/seral-community-l-880x660.jpg 880w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>For more such notes, Articles, News &amp; Views Join our Telegram Channel.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Telegram Link\" href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/triumphias\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>https:\/\/t.me\/triumphias<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Click the link below to see the details about the UPSC \u2013Civils courses offered by Triumph IAS. <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" title=\"Courses available\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/pages-all-courses.php\">https:\/\/triumphias.com\/pages-all-courses.php<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25baBIO-GEO CHEMICAL CYCLE A pathway by which a chemical substance moves through biotic (biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6630,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,232],"tags":[392],"class_list":["post-6809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general-studies-iii-technology-economic-development-bio-diversity-environment-security-and-disaster-management","category-quick-revision-prelims-environment-ecology","tag-union-public-service-commission-upsc"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6809"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6814,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6809\/revisions\/6814"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}