{"id":4831,"date":"2019-11-04T11:35:01","date_gmt":"2019-11-04T06:05:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=4831"},"modified":"2019-11-04T11:35:01","modified_gmt":"2019-11-04T06:05:01","slug":"air-independent-propulsion-submarines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/air-independent-propulsion-submarines\/","title":{"rendered":"Air Independent Propulsion submarines"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Relevance: Mains: G.S paper III: Defence and security<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It has been witnessing operation of land-based prototype of DRDO India Air Independent Propulsion system at Naval Materials Research Laboratory in Ambernath.<\/li>\n<li>The DRDO on Wednesday tested a land-based prototype of an Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) submarine.<\/li>\n<li>The prototype operation at the Naval Materials Research Laboratory in Ambernath, Maharashtra, is considered to give a boost to the DRDO\u2019s plan to build AIP systems for Indian naval submarines.<\/li>\n<li>The land-based prototype was engineered to the form-and-fit of a submarine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>News in detail: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Air-independent propulsion (AIP) is any marine propulsion technology that allows a non-nuclear submarine to operate without access to atmospheric oxygen (by surfacing or using a snorkel).<\/li>\n<li>AIP can augment or replace the diesel-electric propulsion system of non-nuclear vessels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) technology used in submarines: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Submarines are essentially of two types: conventional and nuclear.<\/li>\n<li>Conventional submarines use a diesel-electric engine, and must surface daily for oxygen for fuel combustion. If fitted with an Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) system, the sub needs to take in oxygen only once a week.<\/li>\n<li>Many naval powers, including India, have acquired nuclear-powered submarines for deep-sea operations, conventional diesel-electric variants are considered useful for coastal defence.<\/li>\n<li>The latter are optimised for stealth, and their weapons and sensors provide for effective operations close to the shore.<\/li>\n<li>Because diesel-electric submarines require to come to the surface frequently to charge their batteries, their underwater endurance time is less.<br \/>\n\u2022 \u2018Air-independent\u2019 propulsion technology helps to make the diesel generator less dependent on surface air.<\/li>\n<li>In a fuel cell AIP, an electrolytic fuel cell releases energy by combining hydrogen and oxygen, with only water as the waste product.<\/li>\n<li>The cells are highly efficient, and do not have moving parts, thus ensuring that the submarine has a low acoustic signature.<\/li>\n<li>Older submarines can be adapted to the AIP system by retrofitting.<\/li>\n<li>A fuel cell-based AIP, like the one developed by DRDO, is known to deliver better performance compared to other technologies.<\/li>\n<li>According to the Defence Ministry press release, the AIP system enhances the submerged endurance of diesel-electric submarines several times, thus having a multiplier effect on its lethality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Relevance: Mains: G.S paper III: Defence and security Why in news? It has been witnessing operation of land-based prototype of<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3522,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[123,42],"tags":[392],"class_list":["post-4831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","category-general-studies-iii-technology-economic-development-bio-diversity-environment-security-and-disaster-management","tag-union-public-service-commission-upsc"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4831"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4831\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4832,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4831\/revisions\/4832"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}