{"id":4311,"date":"2019-09-09T22:45:35","date_gmt":"2019-09-09T17:15:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=4311"},"modified":"2019-09-09T22:45:35","modified_gmt":"2019-09-09T17:15:35","slug":"craniopagus-surgery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/craniopagus-surgery\/","title":{"rendered":"Craniopagus Surgery"},"content":{"rendered":"

Relevance: Prelims\/mains: G.S paper III: Science and technology<\/strong><\/p>\n

India\u2019s only successfully separated craniopagus twins from Odisha Jagga and Balia were discharged from the All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), two years after they were admitted, operated and started on rehabilitation at the hospital.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Craniopagus twins<\/strong>\u00a0are\u00a0conjoined twins\u00a0that are fused at the\u00a0cranium.\u00a0This condition occurs in about 10\u201320 babies in every million births in the United States. Among this small group, cephalic conjoining, or craniopagus twinning, represents the rarest of congenital abnormalities, accounting for 2\u20136% of all conjoined twins. Additionally, conjoined twins are genetically identical and always share the same sex. The union in craniopagus twins may occur on any portion of the cranium, but does not include either the face or the\u00a0foramen magnum. The\u00a0thorax\u00a0and\u00a0abdomen\u00a0are separate and each twin has its own umbilicus and\u00a0umbilical cord.<\/p>\n

The union may involve the entire diameter of the head or only a small portion. This suggests that although many different kinds of vulnerabilities are already known in the scientific community, there are an infinite number of variations that can occur. Most of these variations are based on the rotation of one twin’s skull to the other and the different\u00a0phenotype\u00a0sub-groups of craniopagus twins are based on all these rotational conformations. Each of these factors (rotation, spot of union) affects the development of the brain, the\u00a0vascular system\u00a0within the brain and overall wellness of life both of the twins have outside the womb.<\/p>\n

Relatively few craniopagus twins survive the\u00a0perinatal period\u00a0\u2013 approximately 40% of conjoined twins are\u00a0stillborn\u00a0and an additional 33% die within the immediate perinatal period, usually from organ abnormalities and failure. However 25% of craniopagus twins survive and can be considered for a surgical separation and several attempts occur yearly worldwide. In the last-half century,\u00a0many advances in medicine including\u00a0brain imaging, neuro-anesthesia and neurosurgical techniques have proven that a successful outcome is possible following separation of total craniopagus twins.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Relevance: Prelims\/mains: G.S paper III: Science and technology India\u2019s only successfully separated craniopagus twins from Odisha Jagga and Balia were<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3522,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[123,42,69],"tags":[392],"class_list":["post-4311","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","category-general-studies-iii-technology-economic-development-bio-diversity-environment-security-and-disaster-management","category-science-and-technology","tag-union-public-service-commission-upsc"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4311","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4311"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4311\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4312,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4311\/revisions\/4312"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4311"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4311"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4311"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}