{"id":3746,"date":"2019-07-20T14:00:31","date_gmt":"2019-07-20T08:30:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=3746"},"modified":"2019-07-20T14:00:31","modified_gmt":"2019-07-20T08:30:31","slug":"biomarkers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/biomarkers\/","title":{"rendered":"BIOMARKERS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Relevance: mains: G.S: paper III:\u00a0Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Why in News? <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A study has found that it is now possible to tell in advance if a person with oral cancer of the gum and cheek has lymph node metastasis even before surgery is undertaken.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What are biomarkers? <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Biomarkers are molecules that indicate normal or abnormal process taking place in your body and may be a sign of an underlying condition or disease.<\/li>\n<li>Various types of molecules, such as DNA (genes), proteins or hormones, can serve as biomarkers, since they all indicate something about your health.<\/li>\n<li>Biomarkers may be produced by the cancer tissue itself or by other cells in the body in response to cancer.<\/li>\n<li>They can be found in the blood, stool, urine, tumor tissue, or other tissues or bodily fluids.<\/li>\n<li>Notably, biomarkers are not limited to cancer.<\/li>\n<li>There are biomarkers for heart disease, multiple sclerosis, and many other diseases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What are the uses of Biomarkers? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Medical use of Biomarkers <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Biomarkers can be used to find out:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What will happen to you when you use a particular treatment<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Or don\u2019t use the treatment and<\/li>\n<li>The risk of you developing certain medical conditions. Diagnostic use of Biomarkers<\/li>\n<li>An example of a diagnostic use of biomarkers is the measurement of biomarkers in blood to tell if you\u2019ve had a heart attack.<\/li>\n<li>Measuring the levels of enzymes, hormones and proteins in your blood enables a doctor to determine the severity of your heart attack and how much damage your heart has suffered.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is Cancer? <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells anywhere in a body.<\/li>\n<li>There are over 200 types of cancer.<\/li>\n<li>Anything that may cause a normal body cell to develop abnormally potentially can cause cancer.<\/li>\n<li>General categories of cancer-related or causative agents are as follows: chemical or toxic compound exposures, ionizing radiation, some pathogens, and human genetics.<\/li>\n<li>Although there are many tests to screen and presumptively diagnose cancer, the definite diagnosis is made by examination of a biopsy sample of suspected cancer tissue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Cancer staging is usually determined by numbering it from 1 to 4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Most treatments include at least one of the following and may include all: surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is Metastasis? <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Metastasis means that cancer spreads to a different body part from where it started.<\/li>\n<li>It is also called &#8220;metastatic cancer,&#8221; &#8220;advanced cancer,&#8221; or &#8220;stage 4 cancer.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>For example, a cancer that is large but has not spread to another body part can also be called advanced cancer or locally advanced cancer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Relevance: mains: G.S: paper III:\u00a0Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology. Why in News? A study<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3522,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,69],"tags":[392],"class_list":["post-3746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general-studies-iii-technology-economic-development-bio-diversity-environment-security-and-disaster-management","category-science-and-technology","tag-union-public-service-commission-upsc"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3746"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3747,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3746\/revisions\/3747"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}