{"id":3430,"date":"2019-06-16T09:50:12","date_gmt":"2019-06-16T04:20:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=3430"},"modified":"2019-06-16T09:50:12","modified_gmt":"2019-06-16T04:20:12","slug":"new-space-telescope-to-create-a-3d-x-ray-map-of-universe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/new-space-telescope-to-create-a-3d-x-ray-map-of-universe\/","title":{"rendered":"New space telescope to create a 3D X-ray map of Universe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Relevant for prelims and Gs paper 3(S and T):-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A joint team of German-Russian scientists is all set to launch next week a space telescope, which will create a three-dimensional (3D) X-ray map of the universe and unveil unknown supermassive black holes, dark energy and stars, the\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-019-01831-1?utm_source=Nature+Briefing&amp;utm_campaign=38bf880f58-briefing-dy-20190612&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=0_c9dfd39373-38bf880f58-43928753\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nature<\/a><\/em>\u00a0reported.<\/p>\n<p>The telescope,\u00a0named Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG), will be launched into space on a Russian-built Proton-M rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on June 21, 2019.<\/p>\n<p>The four-year\u00a0mission will survey the entire sky eight times and track the evolution of the universe and dark energy\u00a0 \u2014 a mysterious repulsive force \u2014 that is accelerating its expansion.<\/p>\n<p>Besides, it also aims to\u00a0detect up to three million supermassive black holes \u2014 many of which are unknown \u2014 and X-rays from as many as 700,000 stars in the Milky Way. The telescope is the first to be sensitive to high-energy\u00a0\u2018hard\u2019 X-rays and map the entire sky, the report said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHave you seen your body in X-rays? It looks completely different. We will do the same with the universe,\u201d Rashid Sunyaev, a cosmologist at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching, Germany, said in a statement.<\/p>\n<p>SRG will carry two independent X-ray telescopes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A German-built eROSITA (Extended Roentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array)<\/li>\n<li>A Russian-built ART-XC (Astronomical Roentgen Telescope \u2014 X-ray Concentrator)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Each of them cover\u00a0X-ray bands\u00a0stretching to relatively much higher energies: 0.2\u201310 kiloelectronvolts (keV) for eROSITA, and 5\u201330 keV for ART-XC.<\/p>\n<p>The SRG will also find how dark matter \u2014 the main engine of galaxy formation \u2014 is spread in the universe.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSo far, the dark-matter explanation is still on the table\u201d as a potential cause of the X-ray signal, said Esra Bulbul, an astrophysicist at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics and a lead scientist on the mission.<\/p>\n<p>The SRG will, however, not detect gamma radiation, the report stated.<\/p>\n<p>X-ray sky surveys have also been conducted by previous missions, but they were not able to map the entire sky, the report said.<\/p>\n<p>While Germany&#8217;s\u00a0ROSAT mission in the 1990s was sensitive only to \u2018soft\u2019 X-rays, with energies of about 2 keV, existing missions, such as NASA\u2019s Chandra X-ray Observatory and NuSTAR, can see high-energy radiation and resolve tiny details of cosmic structures. But, they see only small parts of the sky.<\/p>\n<p>SRG was first\u00a0proposed in 1987, by Russian\u00a0astrophysicists, but the fall of Soviet Union in 1991 led to the plans&#8217; cancellation.<\/p>\n<p>It was again revived in 2004, but a proposal to send an X-ray telescope to the International Space Station was scrapped when NASA\u00a0ended\u00a0its space-shuttle programme in 2011. Finally, the\u00a0joint mission was\u00a0approved by the German space agency and Roscosmos later in 2009.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Relevant for prelims and Gs paper 3(S and T):- A joint team of German-Russian scientists is all set to launch<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3179,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[291,817,413,392],"class_list":["post-3430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-miscellaneous","tag-daily-current-affairs","tag-gs","tag-ias","tag-union-public-service-commission-upsc"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3430"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3430\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3431,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3430\/revisions\/3431"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}