{"id":30731,"date":"2025-06-11T12:18:33","date_gmt":"2025-06-11T06:48:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=30731"},"modified":"2025-06-11T12:23:38","modified_gmt":"2025-06-11T06:53:38","slug":"empowering-women-farmers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/","title":{"rendered":"Empowering Women Farmers"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Empowering_Women_Farmers\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Empowering Women Farmers<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relevant_for_Sociology_Paper_II_Rural_and_Agrarian_Transformation_in_India_Social_Movements_in_Modern_India\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>(Relevant for Sociology <\/strong><strong>Paper II: Rural and Agrarian Transformation in India; Social Movements in Modern India)<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div style=\"width: 810px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-30731-1\" width=\"810\" height=\"456\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/final-cse-result-ady.mp4?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/final-cse-result-ady.mp4\">https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/final-cse-result-ady.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >What's Inside this Blog!<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#Empowering_Women_Farmers\" title=\"Empowering Women Farmers\">Empowering Women Farmers<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#Relevant_for_Sociology_Paper_II_Rural_and_Agrarian_Transformation_in_India_Social_Movements_in_Modern_India\" title=\"(Relevant for Sociology Paper II: Rural and Agrarian Transformation in India; Social Movements in Modern India)\">(Relevant for Sociology Paper II: Rural and Agrarian Transformation in India; Social Movements in Modern India)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#Introduction_Empowering_Women_Farmers\" title=\"Introduction: Empowering Women Farmers\">Introduction: Empowering Women Farmers<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#Why_Women_Farmers_Matter\" title=\"Why Women Farmers Matter\">Why Women Farmers Matter<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#Sociological_Analysis\" title=\"Sociological Analysis\">Sociological Analysis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#Key_Challenges_Faced_by_Women_in_Agriculture\" title=\"Key Challenges Faced by Women in Agriculture\">Key Challenges Faced by Women in Agriculture<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#From_Recognition_to_Real_Empowerment\" title=\"From Recognition to Real Empowerment\">From Recognition to Real Empowerment<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#Other_Pathways_to_Womens_Empowerment\" title=\"Other Pathways to Women\u2019s Empowerment\">Other Pathways to Women\u2019s Empowerment<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#PYQs\" title=\"PYQs\">PYQs<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/empowering-women-farmers\/#Read_more_Blogs\" title=\"Read more Blogs:\">Read more Blogs:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction_Empowering_Women_Farmers\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Introduction: Empowering Women Farmers<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">In a historic move, <strong>the United Nations General Assembly has designated 2026 as the International Year of the Woman Farmer. <\/strong>This landmark resolution, supported by over <strong>100 nations,<\/strong> recognizes the <strong>pivotal role women play in agriculture<\/strong>\u2014contributing to nearly half of the world\u2019s food production. Yet, <strong>women farmers face persistent challenges such as lack of property rights, limited market access, and gender-based discrimination. <\/strong>As the world gears up to celebrate the <strong>International Year of the Woman Farmer<\/strong>, it is crucial to focus on <strong>empowering women in agriculture<\/strong> to achieve <strong>food security, sustainable development, and gender equality<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_Women_Farmers_Matter\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Why Women Farmers Matter<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Global Impact:<\/strong> Women account for <strong>43% of the agricultural workforce<\/strong> in developing countries, and their contributions are critical for <strong>food production, processing, and distribution (FAO).<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>In India: Women perform over 60% of the agricultural work<\/strong>, especially in sowing, transplanting, weeding, and harvesting, but own less than <strong>13% of land.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Food Security:<\/strong> Empowering women in agriculture directly improves household nutrition, food security, and poverty reduction\u2014key priorities for <strong>SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG 5 (Gender Equality).<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sociological_Analysis\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Sociological Analysis<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-30735 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-1.png\" alt=\"Sociological Analysis\" width=\"888\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-1.png 888w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-1-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-1-150x95.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-1-768x487.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-1-600x380.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 888px) 100vw, 888px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Feminist Perspective: Scholars like Bina Agarwal<\/strong> argue that access to land is central to women\u2019s empowerment and bargaining position within the family and community. <strong>Patriarchy, as a structural barrier<\/strong>, must be addressed for real change.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Rural Sociology:<\/strong> The <strong>gender division of labor in agriculture<\/strong> reinforces traditional gender roles. Women\u2019s agency remains suppressed unless institutional reforms are implemented.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Intersectionality: <\/strong>Rural women\u2019s challenges are compounded by caste, class, and ethnicity, as seen in <strong>India\u2019s Dalit and Adivasi communities<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Social Capital: Women\u2019s collectives (e.g., Self Help Groups) <\/strong>enhance social solidarity, bargaining power, and create new leadership opportunities for rural women.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Structural Functionalism: According to Emile Durkheim,<\/strong> the integration of women into decision-making roles in agriculture is essential for social equilibrium and community development.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Challenges_Faced_by_Women_in_Agriculture\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Key Challenges Faced by Women in Agriculture<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-30734 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection.png\" alt=\"Key Challenges Faced by Women in Agriculture\" width=\"912\" height=\"357\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection.png 912w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-300x117.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-150x59.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-768x301.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 912px) 100vw, 912px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Property Rights and Land Ownership: <\/strong>Women have limited or no ownership of agricultural land, undermining their bargaining power and economic security. Inheritance laws and patriarchal customs often restrict women\u2019s legal rights to land.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Access to Resources and Markets: Female farmers receive less than 10%<\/strong> of available credit and <strong>only 5% of agricultural extension services<\/strong>. <strong>Lack of access to seeds, fertilizers, technology, <\/strong>and formal markets restricts productivity and income.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Unpaid and Unrecognized Labor: Women\u2019s labor in family farms<\/strong> often goes <strong>unpaid and unrecognized in statistics, perpetuating gender-based inequalities.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Social and Cultural Barriers: Deep-seated patriarchy and social norms restrict women\u2019s mobility, decision-making, and participation in leadership<\/strong> roles within agricultural cooperatives and institutions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Exposure to Climate Change: Women farmers, especially in the Global South<\/strong>, are disproportionately affected by climate change due to dependence on <strong>rain-fed agriculture<\/strong> and limited adaptive capacity.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"From_Recognition_to_Real_Empowerment\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>From Recognition to Real Empowerment<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>International Year of the Woman Farmer 2026 is more than a symbolic gesture\u2014it is a call to action. Governments, international organizations, and civil society must:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Legally empower women through land and property rights.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Invest in women-centric extension services and credit facilities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Mainstream gender in policy and institutional reforms.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Raise awareness to challenge gender stereotypes and encourage male allies.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Other_Pathways_to_Womens_Empowerment\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Other Pathways to Women\u2019s Empowerment<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-30736 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-2.png\" alt=\"Other Pathways to Women\u2019s Empowerment\" width=\"883\" height=\"537\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-2.png 883w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-2-300x182.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-2-150x91.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Key-Challenges-Faced-by-Women-in-Agriculture-visual-selection-2-768x467.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 883px) 100vw, 883px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Legal Reforms:<\/strong> Ensure equal property and inheritance rights for women; digitize and simplify land records.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Capacity Building:<\/strong> Enhance access to training, technology, and financial services.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Market Linkages: <\/strong>Strengthen women\u2019s collectives and cooperatives to enable direct market access and better bargaining power.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Policy Mainstreaming:<\/strong> Integrate gender-sensitive approaches in all agricultural policies and rural development programmes (<strong>g., National Rural Livelihoods Mission, Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Pariyojana).<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Social Support Systems:<\/strong> Provide <strong>cr\u00e8che facilities, health insurance<\/strong>, and safety nets for women agricultural workers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Climate Resilience:<\/strong> Equip women with skills and tools for <strong>climate-smart agriculture<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Empowering women in agriculture is not just a matter of justice\u2014it is the cornerstone of global food security and sustainable rural development. <strong>The International Year of the Woman Farmer<\/strong> offers a unique opportunity to accelerate gender equality in agriculture, foster social change, and ensure a more equitable and food-secure world. As future policymakers and sociologists, UPSC aspirants must understand and champion these issues for a more inclusive society.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PYQs\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>PYQs<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Paper<\/span> 1:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Examine the intersection of gender and rural class structure in India. How does the feminization of agriculture affect rural society? (2023)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">How do gender roles in agrarian societies impact the division of labour and social mobility? Illustrate with suitable examples. (2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Discuss the changing nature of the family as an institution with reference to rural women\u2019s participation in agricultural work. (2020)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Critically analyse the role of Self Help Groups (SHGs) in empowering rural women in India. (2018)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">What is \u2018feminization of poverty\u2019? Discuss its implications for women in the informal and agrarian sectors in India. (2017)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Examine how land ownership patterns influence gender relations and power structure in rural India. (2016)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Discuss the role of women in sustaining food security in rural areas. What are the main obstacles faced by women farmers? (2015)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Paper<\/span> 2: <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Analyse the impact of agrarian transformation on the status of women in rural India. (2023)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Discuss the significance of government schemes such as Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Pariyojana (MKSP) for gender equality in Indian agriculture. (2022)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">How has the process of globalization affected rural women\u2019s livelihoods and work participation rates in India? (2020)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Discuss the challenges faced by women in accessing land rights and agricultural credit in contemporary India. (2019)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Assess the effectiveness of various policies aimed at addressing gender disparity in the agricultural sector of India. (2018)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Explain the term \u2018feminization of agriculture\u2019. What factors have contributed to this phenomenon in India? (2017)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Evaluate the contribution of women in Green Revolution and post-Green Revolution rural economy. (2016)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">How do caste and gender intersect to shape the experiences of Dalit women agricultural labourers in India? (2015)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-30732 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-06-10-at-22.46.35_845289fc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1126\" height=\"1600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-06-10-at-22.46.35_845289fc.jpg 1126w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-06-10-at-22.46.35_845289fc-211x300.jpg 211w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-06-10-at-22.46.35_845289fc-721x1024.jpg 721w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-06-10-at-22.46.35_845289fc-106x150.jpg 106w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-06-10-at-22.46.35_845289fc-768x1091.jpg 768w, 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