{"id":26469,"date":"2025-04-07T13:26:54","date_gmt":"2025-04-07T07:56:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=26469"},"modified":"2025-04-07T14:51:04","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T09:21:04","slug":"masculinity-in-crisis-redefining-manhood-in-post-modern-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/masculinity-in-crisis-redefining-manhood-in-post-modern-india\/","title":{"rendered":"Masculinity in Crisis: Redefining Manhood in Post-Modern India | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Masculinity_in_Crisis_Redefining_Manhood_in_Post-Modern_India\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Masculinity in Crisis: Redefining Manhood in Post-Modern India<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relevant_for_Paper_I_Social_Stratification_Social_Change_in_Modern_Society\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>(Relevant for <\/b><b>Paper I: Social Stratification,<\/b> <b>Social Change in Modern Society)<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >What's Inside this Blog!<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/masculinity-in-crisis-redefining-manhood-in-post-modern-india\/#Masculinity_in_Crisis_Redefining_Manhood_in_Post-Modern_India\" title=\"Masculinity in Crisis: Redefining Manhood in Post-Modern India\">Masculinity in Crisis: Redefining Manhood in Post-Modern India<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/masculinity-in-crisis-redefining-manhood-in-post-modern-india\/#Relevant_for_Paper_I_Social_Stratification_Social_Change_in_Modern_Society\" title=\"(Relevant for Paper I: Social Stratification, Social Change in Modern Society)\">(Relevant for Paper I: Social Stratification, Social Change in Modern Society)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/masculinity-in-crisis-redefining-manhood-in-post-modern-india\/#Introduction_When_Manhood_Meets_Modernity\" title=\"Introduction: When Manhood Meets Modernity\">Introduction: When Manhood Meets Modernity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/masculinity-in-crisis-redefining-manhood-in-post-modern-india\/#Sociological_Analysis_on_Understanding_the_Crisis_of_Masculinity\" title=\"Sociological Analysis on Understanding the Crisis of Masculinity\">Sociological Analysis on Understanding the Crisis of Masculinity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/masculinity-in-crisis-redefining-manhood-in-post-modern-india\/#Structural_and_Cultural_transformations\" title=\"Structural and Cultural transformations\">Structural and Cultural transformations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/masculinity-in-crisis-redefining-manhood-in-post-modern-india\/#Conclusion_Towards_a_New_Masculinity\" title=\"Conclusion: Towards a New Masculinity\">Conclusion: Towards a New Masculinity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/masculinity-in-crisis-redefining-manhood-in-post-modern-india\/#Read_more_Blogs\" title=\"Read more Blogs:\">Read more Blogs:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction_When_Manhood_Meets_Modernity\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Introduction: When Manhood Meets Modernity<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In today\u2019s rapidly transforming Indian society, the traditional notion of masculinity is under deep scrutiny. As gender roles blur, economic dynamics shift, and cultural narratives evolve, <\/span><b>the &#8220;crisis of masculinity&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has become a central theme in sociological debates. This crisis isn&#8217;t merely a psychological experience; it is a sociological phenomenon rooted in <\/span><b>changing structures of patriarchy, urbanization, media influence, and gender justice movements.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sociological_Analysis_on_Understanding_the_Crisis_of_Masculinity\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Sociological Analysis on Understanding the Crisis of Masculinity<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>R.W. Connell\u2019s theory of &#8220;hegemonic masculinity&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> offers a powerful lens to understand this shift. <\/span><b>Hegemonic masculinity refers to the culturally exalted form of masculinity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that subordinates other <\/span><b>masculinities and femininities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. In India, this traditionally includes <\/span><b>dominance, stoicism, economic provision, and control. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But today, as women enter the <\/span><b>workforce, queer identities gain visibility, and emotional openness becomes normalized<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, this <\/span><b>hegemonic model<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is challenged \u2014 resulting in masculinity in crisis, particularly among <\/span><b>young, urban, middle-class Indian men.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Pierre Bourdieu&#8217;s concept of &#8220;habitus&#8221; and &#8220;cultural capital&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> helps us understand how boys and men internalize gendered expectations. From an early age, <\/span><b>patriarchal values<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are ingrained, teaching men to <\/span><b>value power, control, and emotional restraint<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. However, with changing cultural capital \u2014 where <\/span><b>empathy, care work, and partnership<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are increasingly valued \u2014 traditional masculinity loses its dominance. This creates tension within the <\/span><b>habitus,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> making many men feel <\/span><b>dislocated<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and uncertain about their roles in relationships, workplaces, and families.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>In post-modern India, Anthony Giddens&#8217; idea of the \u201creflexive self\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> becomes relevant. As individuals are constantly re-evaluating their identity based on new information and norms, masculinity too is being reconfigured. Today, <\/span><b>Indian men may simultaneously consume Bollywood\u2019s macho heroism, swipe through dating apps, share emotions on mental health forums<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><b>identify as feminist allies. This plurality of masculinities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2014 shaped by both local and global values \u2014 reflects a reflexive modernity where <\/span><b>identity is no longer fixed.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Erving Goffman argued that identity is a performance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2014 we present ourselves based on audience, context, and social scripts<\/span><b>. Masculinity, then, is not innate<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> but <\/span><b>performed based on expected roles.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In Indian cities, one may perform a liberal, emotionally sensitive man in workplaces or social media, while still conforming to traditional gender roles at home. The dissonance between these roles <\/span><b>creates psychological and social strain.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Marshall McLuhan&#8217;s theory that \u201cthe medium is the message\u201d <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">highlights how media doesn&#8217;t just reflect society \u2014 it reshapes it. <\/span><b>Indian media, from films to Instagram reels, creates competing narratives:<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>The action-hero ideal (Pushpa, Kabir Singh)<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>The progressive feminist ally<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>The urban softboy<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>These mediated masculinities influence how men view themselves and others, creating both aspiration and confusion.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Structural_and_Cultural_transformations\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Structural and Cultural transformations<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26471 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Structural-and-Cultural-Transformations.png\" alt=\"Structural and Cultural Transformations by Vikash Ranjan sir at Triumph IAS, UPSC Sociology Optional\" width=\"2634\" height=\"1229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Structural-and-Cultural-Transformations.png 2634w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Structural-and-Cultural-Transformations-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Structural-and-Cultural-Transformations-1024x478.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Structural-and-Cultural-Transformations-150x70.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Structural-and-Cultural-Transformations-768x358.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Structural-and-Cultural-Transformations-1536x717.png 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Structural-and-Cultural-Transformations-2048x956.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2634px) 100vw, 2634px\" \/><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b> Unemployment and Masculine Identity: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In traditional patriarchal setups, masculinity is tied to the role of provider. With <\/span><b>youth unemployment and job insecurity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on the rise, especially among the urban middle class, many men experience a <\/span><b>loss of self-worth, triggering frustration, anxiety, and sometimes aggression.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b> Rising Divorce Rates and Fragile Masculinity: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With increasing <\/span><b>female education, financial independence, and legal awareness<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, women are more likely to exit unhappy or violent marriages. However, many men still operate under <\/span><b>traditional marital scripts, expecting obedience and control, leading to emotional alienation and rising marital discord.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"3\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b> Digital Dating, Sexual Anxiety, and Masculine Performance: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Platforms like <\/span><b>Tinder, Bumble, and Instagram<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have <\/span><b>transformed modern relationships<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. While some men adapt by showcasing <\/span><b>emotional availability, others struggle with sexual competition, performance anxiety, and fear<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of rejection in highly visible online spaces.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"4\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b> Mental Health Crisis among Men: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Social conditioning often <\/span><b>discourages men from seeking help, crying, or expressing vulnerability. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The result is u<\/span><b>naddressed depression, anger issues, substance abuse, and even suicide \u2014 all symptoms of a deeper identity crisis.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"5\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b> Communal Violence and Hypermasculinity: <\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many communal and political movements use <\/span><b>hypermasculine imagery \u2014 glorifying violence, aggression, and nationalism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. In situations where <\/span><b>men feel socially or economically emasculated, violent assertion of identity becomes a way to reclaim power.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion_Towards_a_New_Masculinity\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Conclusion: Towards a New Masculinity<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Masculinity in post-modern India is not disappearing \u2014 it is evolving<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. As men are called to be more <\/span><b>emotionally expressive, more egalitarian, and less violent, new forms of masculinity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are emerging that reject dominance in favor of <\/span><b>collaboration, empathy, and shared vulnerability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Rather than mourning the <\/span><b>end of the &#8220;traditional man,&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Indian society now has an <\/span><b>opportunity to reimagine manhood in a way that serves both men and women \u2014 with justice, dignity, and mutual respect.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>PYQ<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Paper I:<\/b> <b>Examine R.W. Connell\u2019s concept of hegemonic masculinity and its relevance to understanding the crisis of masculinity in post-modern societies. (2020)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Paper II<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><b>Discuss the changing forms of masculinity in urban India in the context of globalization, media, and shifting gender roles. (2022)<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26306 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span class=\"amp-wp-303d451\" data-amp-original-style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">To Read more topics like <b>Masculinity in Crisis: Redefining Manhood in Post-Modern India<\/b><\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"amp-wp-303d451\" data-amp-original-style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">in Public Posts,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"amp-wp-303d451\" data-amp-original-style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">visit:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?amp=1\">www.triumphias.com\/blogs<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Read_more_Blogs\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span id=\"Read_more_Blogs\" class=\"ez-toc-section\"><\/span>Read more Blogs:<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Zm2IMHbIJe\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/religious-minority-rights-in-india\/\">Religious Minority Rights in India<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Religious Minority Rights in India&#8221; &#8212; TriumphIAS\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/religious-minority-rights-in-india\/embed\/#?secret=80mZt5n9AY#?secret=Zm2IMHbIJe\" data-secret=\"Zm2IMHbIJe\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"oMOkLJb8tz\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/unlocking-the-potential-of-indias-service-economy\/\">Unlocking the Potential of India\u2019s Service Economy | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Unlocking the Potential of India\u2019s Service Economy | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional&#8221; &#8212; TriumphIAS\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/unlocking-the-potential-of-indias-service-economy\/embed\/#?secret=3Aa3xg3Gl8#?secret=oMOkLJb8tz\" data-secret=\"oMOkLJb8tz\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Masculinity in Crisis: Redefining Manhood in Post-Modern India (Relevant for Paper I: Social Stratification, Social Change in Modern Society) Introduction:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26470,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[115],"tags":[11551,11555,11556,11549,11550,11554,11552,11553],"class_list":["post-26469","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sociology-optional-paper-i","tag-gender-roles-india","tag-indian-masculinity","tag-male-identity-crisis","tag-masculinity-crisis-india","tag-modern-indian-man","tag-post-modern-india","tag-redefining-masculinity","tag-toxic-masculinity-india"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26469","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26469"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26469\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26475,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26469\/revisions\/26475"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26470"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26469"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26469"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26469"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}