{"id":26443,"date":"2025-04-04T13:59:28","date_gmt":"2025-04-04T08:29:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=26443"},"modified":"2025-04-04T14:00:05","modified_gmt":"2025-04-04T08:30:05","slug":"caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/","title":{"rendered":"Caste and Race: Understanding Discrimination Based on Descent"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caste_and_Race_Understanding_Discrimination_Based_on_Descent\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Caste and Race: Understanding Discrimination Based on Descent<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relevant_for_Social_Structure_Caste_System\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>(Relevant for Social Structure: Caste System)<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >What's Inside this Blog!<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/#Caste_and_Race_Understanding_Discrimination_Based_on_Descent\" title=\"Caste and Race: Understanding Discrimination Based on Descent\">Caste and Race: Understanding Discrimination Based on Descent<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/#Relevant_for_Social_Structure_Caste_System\" title=\"(Relevant for Social Structure: Caste System)\">(Relevant for Social Structure: Caste System)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/#Caste_and_Race_Are_They_the_Same\" title=\"Caste and Race: Are They the Same?\">Caste and Race: Are They the Same?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/#Similarities_between_Caste_and_Race\" title=\"Similarities between Caste and Race\">Similarities between Caste and Race<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/#Sociological_Perspectives_on_Caste_and_Race\" title=\"Sociological Perspectives on Caste and Race\">Sociological Perspectives on Caste and Race<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/#Caste-Based_Violence_and_Gendered_Discrimination\" title=\"Caste-Based Violence and Gendered Discrimination\">Caste-Based Violence and Gendered Discrimination<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/#Caste_and_Global_Parallels\" title=\"Caste and Global Parallels\">Caste and Global Parallels<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/#Legal_and_Policy_Interventions\" title=\"Legal and Policy Interventions\">Legal and Policy Interventions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/caste-and-race-understanding-discrimination\/#Read_more_Blogs\" title=\"Read more Blogs:\">Read more Blogs:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Caste-based discrimination remains one of the most pressing socio-political issues in India, drawing parallels with racial discrimination globally. The <\/span><b>2001 United Nations World Conference<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> against <\/span><b>Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia, and Related Intolerance in Durban<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was a pivotal moment in bringing <\/span><b>caste-based discrimination to the international stage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Dalit activists advocated for caste to be treated as race due to its systemic nature and historical roots. However, the <\/span><b>Government of India resisted this classification, arguing that caste is a social construct<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, while <\/span><b>race is biological.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This article explores the ongoing debate and its implications for Indian society.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Discrimination based on descen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t is a deeply entrenched social issue that manifests in various forms across the world. While <\/span><b>caste and race are distinct concepts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, their intersection in the realm of discrimination has been a subject of sociological debate. <\/span><b>Both systems have been used to maintain social hierarchies and justify exclusion, often leading to severe socio-economic consequences.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caste_and_Race_Are_They_the_Same\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Caste and Race: Are They the Same?<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Understanding Caste and Race<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The debate on whether caste is equivalent to race has been longstanding. Sociologists and activists highlight how <\/span><b>both systems are based on hereditary status, social stratification, and systematic exclusion. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Dalit community<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has often drawn comparisons between <\/span><b>casteism in India and apartheid in South Africa,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> emphasizing <\/span><b>segregation, violence, and economic exclusion.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The legal framework also provides some backing to this argument. Judicial interpretations in India have acknowledged caste as a form of descent-based discrimination. <\/span><b>The Supreme Court of India, in K.C. Vasant Kumar vs. State of Karnataka (1985)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, recognized caste as a race-based classification for the purpose of affirmative action.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Similarities_between_Caste_and_Race\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Similarities between Caste and Race<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26445 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Similarities-between-Caste-and-Race.png\" alt=\"Similarities between Caste and Race By Vikash Ranjan sir at Triumph IAS, UPSC Sociology Optional\" width=\"2602\" height=\"1584\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Similarities-between-Caste-and-Race.png 2602w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Similarities-between-Caste-and-Race-300x183.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Similarities-between-Caste-and-Race-1024x623.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Similarities-between-Caste-and-Race-150x91.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Similarities-between-Caste-and-Race-768x468.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Similarities-between-Caste-and-Race-1536x935.png 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Similarities-between-Caste-and-Race-2048x1247.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2602px) 100vw, 2602px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Government of India&#8217;s Response to the Durban Conference<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Hereditary Nature:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Both caste and race are ascribed at birth and remain largely <\/span><b>unchangeable throughout an individual\u2019s lifetime.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Structural Discrimination:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Members of lower castes and racial minorities often face systemic barriers in <\/span><b>education, employment, and social mobility.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Social Segregation: Endogamy (marrying within the group)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is prevalent in both systems, reinforcing social divisions.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Economic Disparities: Dalits in India and African Americans in the United States<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have historically faced economic marginalization due to <\/span><b>social exclusion.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Violence and Oppression:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> History is replete with instances of <\/span><b>violence against oppressed castes and racial minorities, including lynchings, massacres, and institutionalized discrimination.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>At the 2001 Durban Conference, Dalit organizations<\/b> <b>sought international recognition of caste discrimination as equivalent to racial discrimination.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> However, the <\/span><b>Government of India opposed this stance, asserting that caste is an internal matter and should not be equated with race. The Indian delegation argued that caste discrimination is distinct from racial discrimination because it lacks a biological basis and is instead rooted in social and cultural traditions.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sociological_Perspectives_on_Caste_and_Race\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Sociological Perspectives on Caste and Race<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26446 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sociological-Perspectives-on-Caste-and-Race.png\" alt=\"Sociological Perspectives on Caste and Race by Vikash Ranjan sir at Triumph IAS, Sociology Optional UPSC\" width=\"3032\" height=\"1640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sociological-Perspectives-on-Caste-and-Race.png 3032w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sociological-Perspectives-on-Caste-and-Race-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sociological-Perspectives-on-Caste-and-Race-1024x554.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sociological-Perspectives-on-Caste-and-Race-150x81.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sociological-Perspectives-on-Caste-and-Race-768x415.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sociological-Perspectives-on-Caste-and-Race-1536x831.png 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sociological-Perspectives-on-Caste-and-Race-2048x1108.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3032px) 100vw, 3032px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>B.R. Ambedkar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> argued that caste is a form of graded inequality maintained through religious and social norms. He compared caste discrimination with racial discrimination, asserting that <\/span><b>untouchability in India was akin to racial segregation in the U.S.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>M.N. Srinivas d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">eveloped the <\/span><b>concept of &#8220;Sanskritization<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span><b>&#8220;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> where lower castes attempt to <\/span><b>adopt upper-caste customs to gain social mobility. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He highlighted how caste operates as a closed system of stratification compared to race, which can sometimes allow for mobility through economic upliftment.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Louis Dumont <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in <\/span><b>Homo Hierarchicus,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> he described caste as a hierarchical system based on purity and pollution. He emphasized the religious underpinning of caste, which differentiates it from race, which is more linked to economic and colonial histories.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Howard Winant &amp; Michael Omi <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">developed the <\/span><b>concept of &#8220;racial formation,&#8221;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> showing how race is continuously redefined based on socio-political contexts, similar to how caste undergoes shifts based on economic and political changes.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caste-Based_Violence_and_Gendered_Discrimination\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Caste-Based Violence and Gendered Discrimination<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Caste-based atrocities remain a significant issue in India, disproportionately affecting Dalit women. <\/span><b>The Hathras gang-rape case in Uttar Pradesh in 2020<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a stark reminder of the brutal violence faced by Dalit women. Reports indicate that <\/span><b>caste-based sexual violence is often underreported due to social stigma and a lack of effective legal recourse<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has documented a <\/span><b>rise in crimes against Scheduled Castes, highlighting the systemic nature of caste-based oppression. The lack of timely action by law<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> enforcement agencies in cases involving Dalit victims further worsens the problem.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caste_and_Global_Parallels\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Caste and Global Parallels<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While caste is often viewed as a uniquely Indian phenomenon, similar hierarchical structures exist in other parts of the world<\/span><b>. The Burakumin in Japan, the Osu in Nigeria, and caste-like discrimination in Nepal and Pakistan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> reflect the pervasiveness of descent-based exclusion beyond India. These parallels reinforce the argument that caste discrimination shares fundamental characteristics with racial discrimination.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Legal_and_Policy_Interventions\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Legal and Policy Interventions<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>India has enacted several legislative measures to address caste-based discrimination, including:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> criminalizes caste-based violence and discrimination.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Article 17 of the Indian Constitution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> abolishes <\/span><b>untouchability.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Affirmative Action Policies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> provides <\/span><b>reservations in education and employment for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">However, despite these legal protections, enforcement remains a challenge. Structural biases within the legal and administrative systems often deny Dalits justice, reinforcing cycles of discrimination and exclusion.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The debate on whether caste is race continues to be contentious. While caste is often framed as a social construct, its implications mirror those of racial discrimination. The push for international recognition of caste as a human rights issue has gained momentum, but domestic resistance persists. To combat caste discrimination effectively, <\/span><b>India must strengthen legal enforcement, promote social inclusion, and acknowledge the systemic nature of caste-based oppression<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. While caste and race have distinct historical and cultural origins; they both function as mechanisms of social stratification and discrimination. By understanding their similarities and differences, societies can develop more effective policies to address systemic inequalities and promote social justice.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26306 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-03-24-at-13.19.52_a6c54510-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span class=\"amp-wp-303d451\" data-amp-original-style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">To Read more topics like <b>Caste and Race: Understanding Discrimination Based on Descent<\/b><\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"amp-wp-303d451\" data-amp-original-style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">in Public Posts,<\/span><span class=\"amp-wp-303d451\" data-amp-original-style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">visit:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?amp=1\">www.triumphias.com\/blogs<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Read_more_Blogs\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span id=\"Read_more_Blogs\" class=\"ez-toc-section\"><\/span><span id=\"Read_more_Blogs\" class=\"ez-toc-section\"><\/span>Read more Blogs:<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"QLW54hzWMQ\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/codes-for-civil-servants-ambiguous-arbitrary\/\">Codes for Civil Servants \u2013 Ambiguous &#038; Arbitrary | Ethics for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Codes for Civil Servants \u2013 Ambiguous &#038; Arbitrary | Ethics for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS&#8221; &#8212; TriumphIAS\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/codes-for-civil-servants-ambiguous-arbitrary\/embed\/#?secret=aHfOBzxpmp#?secret=QLW54hzWMQ\" data-secret=\"QLW54hzWMQ\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"bWES7CTVsk\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/reproductive-health-2\/\">Reproductive Health | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Reproductive Health | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional&#8221; &#8212; TriumphIAS\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/reproductive-health-2\/embed\/#?secret=zUuA2l5pR1#?secret=bWES7CTVsk\" data-secret=\"bWES7CTVsk\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Caste and Race: Understanding Discrimination Based on Descent (Relevant for Social Structure: Caste System) Caste-based discrimination remains one of the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26444,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[116],"tags":[3636,11528,4339,3211,11529,177,11527,1500,1915],"class_list":["post-26443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sociology-optional-paper-ii","tag-anti-discrimination","tag-caste-and-race","tag-caste-discrimination","tag-casteism","tag-descent-based-discrimination","tag-human-rights","tag-racial-discrimination","tag-racism","tag-social-inequality"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26443"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26443\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26449,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26443\/revisions\/26449"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}