{"id":20124,"date":"2023-11-29T17:36:21","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T12:06:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=20124"},"modified":"2023-11-30T17:53:20","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T12:23:20","slug":"theory-of-development-of-underdevelopment-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/theory-of-development-of-underdevelopment-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Sociology Optional Mains Paper-1 for UPSC | Year 2023 |Assess critically A. G. Frank\u2019s \u2018Theory of Development of Underdevelopment\u2019| Triumph IAS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/forms.gle\/rk58J2Lc3xAHJn9Y8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-19491\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-10-25-at-11.43.48-AM-1-2-300x242.jpeg\" alt=\"differences and similarities between totemism and animism\" width=\"806\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-10-25-at-11.43.48-AM-1-2-300x242.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-10-25-at-11.43.48-AM-1-2-150x121.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-10-25-at-11.43.48-AM-1-2-768x620.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-10-25-at-11.43.48-AM-1-2.jpeg 989w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >What's Inside this Blog!<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/theory-of-development-of-underdevelopment-2\/#Assess_critically_A_G_Franks_%E2%80%98Theory_of_Development_of_Underdevelopment\" title=\"Assess critically A. G. Frank\u2019s \u2018Theory of Development of Underdevelopment\u2019\">Assess critically A. G. Frank\u2019s \u2018Theory of Development of Underdevelopment\u2019<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/theory-of-development-of-underdevelopment-2\/#Question-_7_C_Assess_critically_A_G_Franks_%E2%80%98Theory_of_Development_of_Underdevelopment_10_Marks\" title=\"Question- 7 (C): Assess critically A. G. Frank\u2019s \u2018Theory of Development of Underdevelopment\u2019\u00a0 (10 Marks)\">Question- 7 (C): Assess critically A. G. Frank\u2019s \u2018Theory of Development of Underdevelopment\u2019\u00a0 (10 Marks)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Assess_critically_A_G_Franks_%E2%80%98Theory_of_Development_of_Underdevelopment\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Assess critically A. G. Frank\u2019s \u2018Theory of Development of Underdevelopment\u2019<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Section: B<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8px;\"><em>.<\/em><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><strong style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Sociology Paper 2023 Analysis<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8px;\"><em>.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><br \/>\n<\/strong><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Relevant for Paper-1 :\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><strong>Unit 10 : social changes in modern society<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question-_7_C_Assess_critically_A_G_Franks_%E2%80%98Theory_of_Development_of_Underdevelopment_10_Marks\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Question- 7 <\/strong><strong>(C): <\/strong><\/span><strong>Assess critically A. G. Frank\u2019s \u2018Theory of Development of Underdevelopment\u2019\u00a0 <\/strong><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>(1<\/strong><strong>0 Marks)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 102.222%; height: 196px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 223px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 196px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Introduction: <\/span><\/span>Briefly give background of A . G. FRANK.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; color: #008000;\">Main Body: <\/span><\/span><\/span>Key points of A.G. Frank&#8217;s theory of development of underdevelopment, Critique of the theory.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Conclusion: <\/span><\/span>Relevance of theory.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Introduction<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The &#8220;dependency theory&#8221; or &#8220;theory of development of underdevelopment&#8221; associated with <strong>Andre Gunder Frank is an approach to understanding the economic development (or lack thereof) of nations.<\/strong> Frank was a heterodox economist and sociologist who argued that the global economic system is <strong>characterized by a center-periphery structure<\/strong>, where <strong>a small group of developed countries (the center) exploits and dominates<\/strong> a larger group of underdeveloped countries (the periphery).<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20130 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-11-29-at-12.15.44-PM.jpeg\" alt=\"theory of development of underdevelopment\" width=\"503\" height=\"503\" \/><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Main Body<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>\u00a0Key points of A.G. Frank&#8217;s theory of development of underdevelopment:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Historical Development:<\/strong> Frank emphasized historical processes and argued that underdevelopment <strong><em>is not a stage that countries go through on their way to development<\/em><\/strong>, but rather a result of historical processes of exploitation and unequal exchange.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Center-Periphery Structure:<\/strong> The core concept in Frank&#8217;s theory is <strong>the idea of a center-periphery structure<\/strong>. The <strong>center refers to the developed countries, while the periphery refers to the underdeveloped countries<\/strong>. The relationship between the center and the periphery is <strong>characterized by exploitation and dependency.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Unequal Exchange:<\/strong> Frank argued that the international trade system is inherently exploitative, <strong><em>leading to the transfer of resources from the periphery to the center<\/em><\/strong>. He believed that <strong>the terms of trade<\/strong> are <strong>biased against the periphery, resulting in a net flow of wealth<\/strong> from less developed to more developed countries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Capitalist World System:<\/strong> Frank viewed the global economy as a capitalist world system where the <strong>development of some countries is dependent on the underdevelopment of others.<\/strong> He rejected the idea that <strong>underdevelopment is a transitional phase and instead saw it as a structural aspect of the world system.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Imperialism and Dependency:<\/strong> Frank drew on <strong>Marxist concepts of imperialism and argued<\/strong> that the <strong>development of the center is contingent on the underdevelopment <\/strong>and dependency of the periphery. The <strong>center exploits the periphery not only through economic means but also through political and social mechanisms.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Critique of Modernization Theory:<\/strong> Frank&#8217;s theory was a critique of the prevailing modernization theory, <strong>which suggested that underdeveloped countries could achieve development by following the path of the developed nations<\/strong>. Frank argued that this perspective ignored the historical and structural factors that perpetuated underdevelopment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Critique of the Theory<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Frank\u2019s theory has been criticized on the ground<\/strong> that the <strong>theory is overly deterministic and simplistic.<\/strong> It tends to <strong>paint a picture of a world<\/strong> neatly divided into exploitative rich countries and exploited poor countries, <strong>ignoring the complexities and nuances of global economic relationships.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Liberals argue that the core needs the periphery to grow and industrialize as a source of new investment and new market.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Samir Amin<\/strong> in his work titled, <strong>Unequal Development:<\/strong> <strong>An Essay on the Social Formations of Peripheral Capitalism <\/strong>(1976), observes that historical analysis of radical <strong>dependency theory represented by Frank is too generalized.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Frank\u2019s theory fails to <strong>show unevenness of the development of the peripheral states,<\/strong> ranging from the <strong>backwardness of Ethiopia to the growing industries of Asian Tigers \u2013 a point also made by Cardoso.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The theory <strong>has been criticised for its lack of empirical support<\/strong>. Many countries that were <strong>once considered peripheral<\/strong>, such as South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore, have <strong>successfully developed their economies without severing ties with the core countries.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The theory <strong>underestimates the role of internal factors in underdevelopment.<\/strong> It largely <strong><em>ignores the impact of domestic policies, corruption, political instability, and cultural factors <\/em><\/strong>on the economic performance of underdeveloped countries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Lastly, <strong>the theory has been criticised for its pessimistic view of the prospects for underdeveloped countries.<\/strong> It suggests that these countries are trapped in a cycle of underdevelopment with no clear path to development.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">It&#8217;s important to note that while <strong>Frank&#8217;s ideas were influential,<\/strong> there has been ongoing debate and criticism of dependency theory. <em>Some critics argue that it oversimplifies the complexities of global economic relations and that it doesn&#8217;t adequately address internal factors within countries that contribute to underdevelopment.<\/em> Despite criticisms<strong><em>, dependency theory has played a significant role in shaping discussions about global inequality and development.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; color: #ff0000;\">Related Blogs&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a 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srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-40-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-40-1024x671.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-40-150x98.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-40-768x503.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-40-120x80.jpg 120w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-40.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 911px) 100vw, 911px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-15254\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-300x50.jpg\" alt=\"Symbolic Interactionism Sociology, Symbolic interaction, meaningful symbols, social interaction, human behavior, language, dramaturgical analysis, labeling approach, sociological theories, critical analysis.\" width=\"822\" height=\"137\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-300x50.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-1024x171.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-150x25.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-768x128.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-1536x256.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2048x341.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 822px) 100vw, 822px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">To master these intricacies and fare well in the <strong>Sociology Optional Syllabus,<\/strong> aspiring sociologists might benefit from guidance by the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Teacher<\/strong> and participation in the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Coaching.<\/strong> 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Do lions and foxes in Vilfredo Pareto\u2019s theory, essentially differ from each other? Substantiate.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; color: #ff0000;\">Why Vikash Ranjan&#8217;s Classes for Sociology?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Proper guidance and assistance are required to learn the skill of interlinking current happenings with the conventional topics. <strong>VIKASH RANJAN SIR <\/strong>at <strong>TRIUMPH IAS<\/strong> guides students according to the Recent Trends of UPSC, making him the <strong>Best Sociology Teacher<\/strong> for <strong>Sociology Optional UPSC.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">At Triumph IAS, the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Coaching<\/strong> platform, we not only provide the best study material and applied classes for <strong>Sociology for IAS<\/strong> but also conduct regular assignments and class tests to assess candidates&#8217; writing skills and understanding of the subject.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 28px;\">Choose <a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>T<strong>he Best Sociology Optional Teacher <\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/a>for IAS Preparation?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">At the beginning of the journey for<strong> Civil Services Examination <\/strong>preparation, many students face a pivotal decision \u2013 selecting their optional subject. Questions such as &#8220;<strong><em>which optional subject is the best?<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; and &#8220;<strong><em>which optional subject is the most scoring?<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; frequently come to mind. Choosing the right optional subject, like choosing the <strong><em>best sociology optional teacher<\/em><\/strong>, is a subjective yet vital step that requires a thoughtful decision based on facts. A misstep in this crucial decision can indeed prove disastrous.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">Ever since the exam pattern was revamped in 2013, the UPSC has eliminated the need for a second optional subject. Now, candidates have to choose only one <strong>optional subject for the UPSC Mains<\/strong>, which has two papers of 250 marks each. One of the compelling choices for many has been the sociology optional. However, it&#8217;s strongly advised to decide on your optional subject for mains well ahead of time to get sufficient time to complete the syllabus. After all, most students score similarly in General Studies Papers; it&#8217;s the score in the optional subject &amp; essay that contributes significantly to the final selection.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 36px;\">\u201c<\/span>A sound strategy does not rely solely on the popular<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><em>Opinion of toppers or famous YouTubers cum teachers.<span style=\"font-size: 36px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">It requires understanding one&#8217;s ability, interest, and the relevance of the subject, not just for the exam but also for life in general. Hence, when selecting the best sociology teacher, one must consider the usefulness of <strong><em>sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> in <strong>General Studies, Essay, and Personality Test.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">The choice of the optional subject should be based on objective criteria, such as the nature, scope, and size of the syllabus, uniformity and stability in the question pattern, relevance of the syllabic content in daily life in society, and the availability of study material and guidance. For example, choosing the <strong><em>best sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> can ensure access to top-quality study materials and experienced teachers. Always remember, the approach of the UPSC optional subject differs from your academic studies of subjects. Therefore, before settling for <strong><em>sociology optional<\/em><\/strong>, you need to analyze the syllabus, previous years&#8217; pattern, subject requirements (be it ideal, visionary, numerical, conceptual theoretical), and your comfort level with the subject.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">This decision marks a critical point in your <strong><em>UPSC &#8211; CSE journey<\/em><\/strong>, potentially determining your success in a career in IAS\/Civil Services. Therefore, it&#8217;s crucial to choose wisely, whether it&#8217;s the optional subject or the <strong><em>best sociology optional teacher<\/em><\/strong>. Always base your decision on accurate facts, and never let your emotional biases guide your choices. After all, the search for the <strong><em>best sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> is about finding the perfect fit for your unique academic needs and aspirations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/p9IYaTuS3sA?si=CiiRvqWVd_sdZNlm\" width=\"750\" height=\"421\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Follow us :<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/triumphias\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/triumphias<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"\ud83d\udd0e www.triumphias.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e\u00a0 www.triumphias.com<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/VikashRanjanSociology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/t.me\/VikashRanjanSociology<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Find More Blogs&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/compare-and-contrast-karl-marxs-and-max-webers-analysis-of-the-modern-phenomena-of-capitalism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Compare and contrast Karl Marx\u2019s and Max weber\u2019s<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/karl-marx-historical-materialism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Karl Marx- Historical Materialism<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/position-of-women-in-the-modern-indian-society-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Position of Women In the Modern Indian Society<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-social-system-and-pattern-variables\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Sociology: Social system and pattern variables<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kt3VeKYqoSs?t=54s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><sup><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/dL85EHfcitw?t=17s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tJcm9G2RwVE\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YXsRAVmvsCE?t=1s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>KEYWORD: theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment,theory of development of underdevelopment<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Assess critically A. G. Frank\u2019s \u2018Theory of Development of Underdevelopment\u2019 Section: B. Sociology Paper 2023 Analysis. Relevant for Paper-1 :\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20132,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1033,123,114,1032,1026,115,116,1034,1027],"tags":[9151],"class_list":["post-20124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-best-optional-sociology","category-current-affairs","category-sociology-optional","category-sociology-mains-ias","category-sociology-optional-sociology-optional","category-sociology-optional-paper-i","category-sociology-optional-paper-ii","category-sociology-scoring-optional","category-sociology-upsc","tag-differences-and-similarities-between-totemism-and-animism"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20124"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20124\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20127,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20124\/revisions\/20127"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}