{"id":20064,"date":"2023-11-25T17:21:10","date_gmt":"2023-11-25T11:51:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=20064"},"modified":"2023-11-25T17:40:02","modified_gmt":"2023-11-25T12:10:02","slug":"ethical-issues-that-a-researcher-faces-in","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/ethical-issues-that-a-researcher-faces-in\/","title":{"rendered":"Sociology Optional Mains Paper-1 for UPSC | Year 2023 |What are the ethical issues that a researcher faces in making use of participant observation as a method of collecting data? Explain. | Triumph IAS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/forms.gle\/rk58J2Lc3xAHJn9Y8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-19491\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-10-25-at-11.43.48-AM-1-2-300x242.jpeg\" alt=\"differences and similarities between totemism and animism\" width=\"806\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-10-25-at-11.43.48-AM-1-2-300x242.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-10-25-at-11.43.48-AM-1-2-150x121.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-10-25-at-11.43.48-AM-1-2-768x620.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-10-25-at-11.43.48-AM-1-2.jpeg 989w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >What's Inside this Blog!<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/ethical-issues-that-a-researcher-faces-in\/#What_are_the_ethical_issues_that_a_researcher_faces_in_making_use_of_participant_observation_as_a_method_of_collecting_data_Explain\" title=\"What are the ethical issues that a researcher faces in making use of participant observation as a method of collecting data? Explain.\">What are the ethical issues that a researcher faces in making use of participant observation as a method of collecting data? Explain.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/ethical-issues-that-a-researcher-faces-in\/#Question-_6_C_What_are_the_ethical_issues_that_a_researcher_faces_in_making_use_of_participant_observation_as_a_method_of_collecting_data_Explain_20_Marks\" title=\"Question- 6 (C): What are the ethical issues that a researcher faces in making use of participant observation as a method of collecting data? Explain. (20 Marks)\">Question- 6 (C): What are the ethical issues that a researcher faces in making use of participant observation as a method of collecting data? Explain. (20 Marks)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_the_ethical_issues_that_a_researcher_faces_in_making_use_of_participant_observation_as_a_method_of_collecting_data_Explain\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">What are the ethical issues that a researcher faces in making use of participant observation as a method of collecting data? Explain.<\/span> <\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Section: B<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8px;\"><em>.<\/em><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><strong style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Sociology Paper 2023 Analysis<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8px;\"><em>.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><br \/>\n<\/strong><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Relevant for Paper-1 :<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><b>Unit 3 Research methods and analysis <\/b><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question-_6_C_What_are_the_ethical_issues_that_a_researcher_faces_in_making_use_of_participant_observation_as_a_method_of_collecting_data_Explain_20_Marks\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Question- 6 <\/strong><strong>(C): What are the ethical issues that a researcher faces in making use of participant observation as a method of collecting data? Explain. <\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>(2<\/strong><strong>0 Marks)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 102.222%; height: 196px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 223px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 196px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Introduction: <\/span><\/span>Briefly explain participant observation as a method of data collection<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; color: #008000;\">Main Body: <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Explain ethical concerns like consent , privacy and confidentiality, deception, emotional and physical harm, nativization , cultural sensitivity, power dynamics etc. , along with case studies<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Conclusion: <span style=\"color: #000000;\">On the lines of participant observation as an useful tool if ethical considerations are taken into account <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table style=\"width: 99.7672%; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: dotted; border-color: #000000; background-color: #e8ffec; height: 172px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 2862px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 762.852px; height: 172px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Participant observation is a research method used in social science research where the researcher immerses themselves in a community or group to observe and participate in their activities. <strong>Participant observation was method popularised by anthropologists Bronislaw Malinowski in his work &#8220;Argonauts of the Western Pacific&#8221;.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>It has now widely used\u00a0 by sociologists also. For example In India, M.N. Srinivas had used this method in studying the process of \u2018sanskritisation\u2019 in Mysore while Andre Beteille had used it to study social inequality in rural areas (Tanjore village) on the basis of class, status and power.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Main body:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ethical concerns during participant observation <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><u>Informed Consent: <\/u><\/strong>One of the main ethical issues is obtaining informed consent from the participants. Since the researcher is blending into the community, it might not always be possible to inform all the participants about the research, its objectives, and their role in it. This could lead to a breach of trust and invasion of privacy. For example, a researcher studying gang culture might not be able to disclose their identity due to safety concerns.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Privacy and Confidentiality<\/u><\/strong><strong>: <\/strong>Participant observation often involves observing intimate and private aspects of people\u2019s lives. It may be difficult to maintain the privacy and confidentiality of the participants. For instance, a researcher studying domestic routines might witness private family disputes.<\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Deception<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong>In some cases, the researcher might need to conceal their identity or the purpose of their research to gain access to the community or group. This deception can be ethically problematic as it violates the principle of honesty in research<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><u>Emotional and Physical Harm<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong>The researcher may witness or participate in activities that could cause emotional or physical harm to the participants.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nigel Fielding argues that participant observation involves particular ethical issues about the possible harm when studying vulnerable groups. However there is also always a tradeoff between possible harm and the value of the knowledge produced. <\/strong>\u00a0For example, a researcher studying drug users might witness drug abuse or violence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Exploitation: <\/strong>There is a risk of exploitation in participant observation. The researcher might benefit from the research, but the participants may not receive any direct benefits. This can be seen as a form of exploitation<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Cultural Sensitivity: <\/strong>The researcher must be sensitive to the cultural norms and practices of the group being studied. There is a risk of misinterpreting or misrepresenting the culture, which can lead to harm and disrespect.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Power Dynamics: <\/strong>The researcher\u2019s presence can alter the power dynamics within the group. The researcher might be seen as an authority figure, which could influence the participants\u2019 behaviour and responses. Sometimes to get the access to place and social settings researchers have to adhere to existing power dynamics.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>For instance Beteille opted to identify himself with the resident Brahmins of the village where he carried out his field research in Tamil Nadu<\/strong>. He had access to their homes and temples. When his <strong>Harijan informants came to visit him, the Brahmin neighbours and also his host objected<\/strong> and Beteille then changed the mode of his contact with them.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Researcher\u2019s Bias: <\/strong>The researcher\u2019s personal biases and preconceptions can influence the observation and interpretation of the data. This can lead to inaccurate conclusions and misrepresentation of the group.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Cicourel admitted that his participant observation study relied heavily upon his own observational skills\u00a0 the particular interpretative skills. <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Issue of going native:<\/strong> The danger of becoming too immersed in the subject group, known as &#8220;<strong>going native&#8221; in anthropological spheres, poses a risk to maintaining objectivity.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the realm of socio-cultural research, participant observation delves deep but grapples with ethical nuances. In today&#8217;s research landscape, <strong>with a surge in decolonizing methodologies and prioritizing indigenous voices, sociologists must vigilantly self-reflect to ensure ethical research practices.<\/strong> In the evolving context of societies like India, entangled in tradition and modernity, the ethical dilemmas inherent in participant observation intensify, demanding perpetual ethical introspection from researchers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; color: #ff0000;\">Related Blogs&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/ethnicity-and-navigating-conflicts-in-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-19055\" 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Therefore, before settling for <strong><em>sociology optional<\/em><\/strong>, you need to analyze the syllabus, previous years&#8217; pattern, subject requirements (be it ideal, visionary, numerical, conceptual theoretical), and your comfort level with the subject.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">This decision marks a critical point in your <strong><em>UPSC &#8211; CSE journey<\/em><\/strong>, potentially determining your success in a career in IAS\/Civil Services. Therefore, it&#8217;s crucial to choose wisely, whether it&#8217;s the optional subject or the <strong><em>best sociology optional teacher<\/em><\/strong>. Always base your decision on accurate facts, and never let your emotional biases guide your choices. After all, the search for the <strong><em>best sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> is about finding the perfect fit for your unique academic needs and aspirations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/p9IYaTuS3sA?si=CiiRvqWVd_sdZNlm\" width=\"750\" height=\"421\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Follow us :<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/triumphias\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/triumphias<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"\ud83d\udd0e www.triumphias.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e\u00a0 www.triumphias.com<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/VikashRanjanSociology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/t.me\/VikashRanjanSociology<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Find More Blogs&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/compare-and-contrast-karl-marxs-and-max-webers-analysis-of-the-modern-phenomena-of-capitalism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Compare and contrast Karl Marx\u2019s and Max weber\u2019s<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/karl-marx-historical-materialism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Karl Marx- Historical Materialism<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/position-of-women-in-the-modern-indian-society-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Position of Women In the Modern Indian Society<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-social-system-and-pattern-variables\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Sociology: Social system and pattern variables<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kt3VeKYqoSs?t=54s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><sup><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/dL85EHfcitw?t=17s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tJcm9G2RwVE\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YXsRAVmvsCE?t=1s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>KEYWORD: ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher faces,ethical issues that a researcher facesethical issues that a researcher faces<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What are the ethical issues that a researcher faces in making use of participant observation as a method of collecting<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20065,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1033,123,114,1032,1026,115,116,1034,1027],"tags":[9151],"class_list":["post-20064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-best-optional-sociology","category-current-affairs","category-sociology-optional","category-sociology-mains-ias","category-sociology-optional-sociology-optional","category-sociology-optional-paper-i","category-sociology-optional-paper-ii","category-sociology-scoring-optional","category-sociology-upsc","tag-differences-and-similarities-between-totemism-and-animism"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20064","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20064"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20064\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20075,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20064\/revisions\/20075"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20064"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20064"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20064"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}