{"id":18896,"date":"2023-10-10T15:04:46","date_gmt":"2023-10-10T09:34:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=18896"},"modified":"2023-10-10T15:40:45","modified_gmt":"2023-10-10T10:10:45","slug":"current-affairs-10-october-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18919\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/So-1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"946\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/So-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/So-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/So-1-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/So-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/So-1.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 946px) 100vw, 946px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >What's Inside this Blog!<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#Current_Affairs_10_October_2023\" title=\"Current Affairs 10 October 2023.\">Current Affairs 10 October 2023.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#Todays_News\" title=\"Today&#8217;s News.\">Today&#8217;s News.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#Mental_health_and_the_floundering_informal_worker\" title=\"Mental health and the floundering informal worker.\">Mental health and the floundering informal worker.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#The_state_of_Indias_Scheduled_Areas\" title=\"The state of India\u2019s Scheduled Areas.\">The state of India\u2019s Scheduled Areas.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#What_is_multimodal_artificial_intelligence_and_why_is_it_important\" title=\"What is multimodal artificial intelligence and why is it important.\">What is multimodal artificial intelligence and why is it important.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#Urban_unemployment_rate_drops_to_66_in_Q1\" title=\"Urban unemployment rate drops to 6.6% in Q1.\">Urban unemployment rate drops to 6.6% in Q1.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#Sixth_Basic_Taste\" title=\"Sixth Basic Taste.\">Sixth Basic Taste.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#Dandeli_forest\" title=\"Dandeli forest.\">Dandeli forest.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#Concerns_Related_to_the_Dandeli_Forest_Ecosystem\" title=\"Concerns Related to the Dandeli Forest Ecosystem.\">Concerns Related to the Dandeli Forest Ecosystem.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#Related_Blogs%E2%80%A6\" title=\"Related Blogs&#8230;\">Related Blogs&#8230;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#GS_Related_Practices_Question%E2%80%A6\" title=\"GS Related Practices Question&#8230;\">GS Related Practices Question&#8230;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#Choose_The_Best_Sociology_Optional_Teacher_for_IAS_Preparation\" title=\"Choose The Best Sociology Optional Teacher for IAS Preparation?\">Choose The Best Sociology Optional Teacher for IAS Preparation?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-10-october-2023\/#Find_More_Blogs%E2%80%A6\" title=\"Find More Blogs&#8230;\">Find More Blogs&#8230;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Current_Affairs_10_October_2023\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Current Affairs 10 October 2023.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Todays_News\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 60px; color: #0000ff; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Today&#8217;s News.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mental_health_and_the_floundering_informal_worker\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b>Mental health and the floundering informal worker.<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C<span style=\"color: #000000;\">urrent Affairs 10 October 2023 | <\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relevant for<b> GS paper-3, Unemployment and growth related issues.<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18909 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-4-300x167.png\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"555\" height=\"309\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-4-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-4-1024x569.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-4-150x83.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-4-768x427.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-4-1536x853.png 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-4-2048x1138.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 555px) 100vw, 555px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The theme of <strong>World Mental Health Day (October 10)<\/strong> this year is \u2018mental health as a universal human right\u2019. A segment often overlooked when it concerns mental health is the informal worker.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">A study by the <strong>International Labour Organization (ILO)<\/strong> says that 15% of working age adults, globally, live with a mental disorder. On one hand, decent work influences mental health in a positive way while on the other, unemployment, or unstable or precarious employment, workplace discrimination, or poor and particularly unsafe working environments, can all pose a risk to a worker\u2019s mental health.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Workers in low\u00ad paid, unrewarding or insecure jobs, or working in isolation, are more likely to be exposed to psychosocial risks, thus compromising their mental health.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">India\u2019s informal workforce accounts for more than 90% of the working population.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">These workers often operate without regulatory protection, work in unsafe working environments, endure long hours, have little access to social or financial protections, suffer high uncertainty and deep ProClarity, and face discrimination \u2014 all of which further undermine mental health and limit access to mental health care.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">According to the <strong>United Nations Development Programme (UNDP),<\/strong> unemployment and poor\u00ad quality employment have consistently been detrimental to mental health.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The Lokniti group within the <strong>Centre for the Study of Developing Societies<\/strong>, which interviewed 9,316 youth aged between 15 to 34 years across 18 States in India, has shown that they are highly susceptible to negative emotions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18910\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-6-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"948\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-6-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-6-1024x572.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-6-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-6-768x429.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-6.jpg 1165w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 948px) 100vw, 948px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Moreover, an <strong>ILO report<\/strong> highlights how young workers are shifting to more precarious and informal work, accepting less pay and poorer working conditions, out of desperation, and, sometimes, giving up and exiting the labour force altogether.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The <strong>State of Inequality in India Report 2022<\/strong> observes that the unemployment rate actually increases with educational levels, particularly for educated young women who show an unemployment rate of 42%.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India will also become an aging society in 20 years, with no apparent social security road map for this rapidly growing group that is especially vulnerable to poor mental health. The Census of India 2011 shows that 33 million elderly people are working post\u00adretirement in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/moving-from-informal-to-formal-sector-sociological-perspective\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>informal work<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The absence of proper financial and health\u00adcare security among the working elderly can severely impact their physical and mental health, aggravating their vulnerability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Informal workers face mental distress due to accumulating debt and rising health care costs, which are intertwined and mutually reinforcing. <strong>A study by Women in Informal Employment:<\/strong> <strong>Globalizing and Organizing (WIEGO)<\/strong> among informal workers in Delhi, mostly migrants, indicates that recovery post COVID\u00ad19 remains uneven among informal worker cohorts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">While certain schemes have received a higher allocation this year, others such as the <strong>Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNREGS)<\/strong> have seen their funding slashed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">A relook at the <strong>Code on Social Security 2020<\/strong> shows how glaring issues concerning the social security of India\u2019s informal workforce still remain unheeded. While India should universalise social security, the current Code does not state this as a goal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Informal workers,<\/strong> despite their significant contribution to national income, are perennially exposed to various economic, physical, and mental vulnerabilities. India\u2019s budgetary allocation for mental health (currently under 1% of the total health budget) has over \u00adfocused on the digital mental health programme.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">There is an urgent need for proactive policies to improve mental health recognition and action. This is critical in upholding the basic human right to good health, including mental health, and in advancing to the <strong>Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),<\/strong> especially SDG 3 on \u2018good health and well\u00adbeing\u2019 and SDG 8 on \u2018decent work for all\/economic growth\u2019.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_state_of_Indias_Scheduled_Areas\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><b>The state of India\u2019s Scheduled Areas.<\/b><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | <\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relevant for <b>GS paper-2, Issues related to SC and ST.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18911\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-5-300x204.png\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"844\" height=\"574\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-5-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-5-150x102.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-5-768x521.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1-5.png 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">India\u2019s 705 <strong>Scheduled Tribe (ST)<\/strong> communities \u2014 making up 8.6% of the country\u2019s population \u2014 live in 26 States and six Union Territories.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Article 244(1)<\/strong> provides for the application of Fifth Schedule provisions to Scheduled Areas notified in any State other than Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram. The Sixth Schedule applies to these States as per <strong>Article 244(2).<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; color: #800000;\"><b>Scheduled Areas.<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Scheduled Areas cover 11.3% of India\u2019s land area, and have been notified in 10 States:<\/strong> Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Himachal Pradesh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>In 2015,<\/strong> Kerala proposed to notify 2,133 habitations, five gram panchayats, and two wards in five districts as Scheduled Areas; it awaits the Indian government\u2019s approval.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>However,<\/strong> despite persistent demands by Adivasi organisations, villages have been left out in the 10 States with Scheduled Areas and in other States with ST populations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>In 1995<\/strong>, the Bhuria Committee, constituted to recommend provisions for the extension of panchayat raj to Scheduled Areas, recommended including these villages, but this is yet to be done.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>The President of India notifies India\u2019s Scheduled Areas.<\/strong> States with Scheduled Areas need to constitute a Tribal Advisory Council with up to 20 ST members. They will advise the Governor on matters referred to them regarding ST welfare.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>The national government can give directions to the State regarding the administration of Scheduled Areas.<\/strong> The Governor can repeal or amend any law enacted by Parliament and the State Legislative Assembly in its application to the Scheduled Area of that State.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The Governor can also make regulations for a Scheduled Area, especially to prohibit or restrict the transfer of tribal land by or among members of the STs, and regulate the allotment of land to STs and money \u00adlending to STs.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18912 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-8-191x300.png\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"490\" height=\"770\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-8-191x300.png 191w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-8-96x150.png 96w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-8.png 749w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 490px) 100vw, 490px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">It was only when Parliament enacted the provisions in various laws applicable to Scheduled Areas, including the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, or PESA, in 1996 that the intent of the Constitution and the Constituent Assembly actually came alive. State panchayat laws had empowered the elected panchayat bodies, rendering the gram sabhas moot.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The Fifth Schedule confers powers exclusively on the President to declare any area to be a Scheduled Area.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Neither the Constitution nor any law provides any criteria to identify Scheduled Areas.<\/strong> However, based on the 1961 Dhebar Commission Report, the guiding norms for declaring an area as a Scheduled area are \u2014 preponderance of tribal population; compactness and reasonable size of the area; a viable administrative entity such as a district, block or taluk; and economic backwardness of the area relative to neighbouring areas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>The Bhuria Committee recognised a face \u00adto \u00adface community, a hamlet or a group of hamlets managing its own affairs to be the basic unit of self\u00ad governance in Scheduled Areas.<\/strong> But it also noted that the most resource rich tribal \u00adinhabited areas have been divided up by administrative boundaries, pushing them to the margins.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>However, <a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/political-reservation-a-debate-for-st-st\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PESA<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/political-reservation-a-debate-for-st-st\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u2019s<\/a> enactment finally settled this ambiguity in law. <\/strong>The Act defined a \u2018village\u2019 as ordinarily consisting of \u201ca habitation or a group of habitations, or a hamlet or a group of hamlets comprising a community and managing its affairs in accordance with traditions and customs\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>However,<\/strong> gram sabhas are yet to demarcate their traditional or customary boundaries on revenue lands in the absence of a suitable law.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">All habitations or groups of habitations outside Scheduled Areas in all States and Union Territories where STs are the largest social group will need to be notified as Scheduled Areas irrespective of their contiguity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Secondly, the geographical limit of these villages will need to be extended to the \u2018community forest resource\u2019 area on forest land under the FRA 2006 where applicable, and to the customary boundary within revenue lands made possible through suitable amendments to the relevant State laws.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_multimodal_artificial_intelligence_and_why_is_it_important\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>What is multimodal artificial intelligence and why is it important.<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Current Affairs 10 October 2023 |<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relevant for <b>GS paper-3, Science and technology.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18913 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/09-10-2023-1-300x300.png\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"419\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/09-10-2023-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/09-10-2023-1-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/09-10-2023-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/09-10-2023-1-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/09-10-2023-1.png 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 419px) 100vw, 419px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">For anyone curious about what the next frontier of AI models would look like, all the signs are pointing towards multimodal systems, where users can engage with AI in several ways. People absorb ideas and form context by drawing meaning from images, sounds, videos and text around them.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>On September 25,<\/strong> Chat GPT\u00ad maker Open AI announced that it had enabled its GPT\u00ad3.5 and GPT\u00ad4 models to study images and analyse them in words, while its mobile apps will have speech synthesis so that people can have full\u00ad fledged conversations with the chat bot.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Multimodality itself isn\u2019t a novel thing.<\/strong> The past couple of years have seen a stream of multimodal AI systems being released. Like Open AI\u2019s text\u00ad to\u00ad image model, DALL.E, upon which Chat GPT\u2019s vision capabilities are based, is a multimodal AI model that was released in 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">DALL.E is in fact the model which kick started the generative AI boom, and is underpinned with the same concept that runs other popular AI image generators like Stable Diffusion and Mid journey \u2014 linking together text and images in the training stage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18914\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Copy-of-Copy-of-Copy-of-Blue-Yellow-Professional-Future-Technology-Presentation-300x169.png\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"834\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Copy-of-Copy-of-Copy-of-Blue-Yellow-Professional-Future-Technology-Presentation-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Copy-of-Copy-of-Copy-of-Blue-Yellow-Professional-Future-Technology-Presentation-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Copy-of-Copy-of-Copy-of-Blue-Yellow-Professional-Future-Technology-Presentation-150x84.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Copy-of-Copy-of-Copy-of-Blue-Yellow-Professional-Future-Technology-Presentation-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Copy-of-Copy-of-Copy-of-Blue-Yellow-Professional-Future-Technology-Presentation-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Copy-of-Copy-of-Copy-of-Blue-Yellow-Professional-Future-Technology-Presentation.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 834px) 100vw, 834px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>For multimodal audio systems, the training works in the same way.<\/strong> GPT\u2019s voice processing capabilities are based on its own open\u00ad source speech\u00ad to \u00adtext translation model, called Whisper, which was released in September last year.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Some of the earlier multimodal systems combined computer vision and natural language processing models or audio and text together to perform some of the simpler but rather important functions like automatic image caption generation etc.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>But there are other more complex systems still in the works.<\/strong> In May this year, Meta announced a new open\u00ad source AI multimodal system called Image Bind that had many modes \u2014 text, visual data, audio, temperature and movement readings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>The idea behind this is to have future AI systems cross\u00ad reference this data in similar ways that current AI systems do for text inputs.<\/strong> For instance, a virtual reality device in the future might be able to generate not just the visuals and the sounds of an environment but also other physical elements.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Other industries like medicine are <strong>\u201cinherently multimodal,\u201d<\/strong> according to a post by Google Research. Processing CT scans, or identifying rare genetic variations all need AI systems that can analyse complex datasets of images, and then respond in plain words.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">AI models that perform speech translation are another obvious segment for multimodality. Google Translate uses multiple models as do others like <strong>Meta\u2019s Seamless M4T model<\/strong>, which was released last month.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Urban_unemployment_rate_drops_to_66_in_Q1\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b>Urban unemployment rate drops to 6.6% in Q1.<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relevant for <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">GS paper-3, <span style=\"font-size: 21.06px;\">Employment<\/span> and related issues.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18915 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-9-300x169.png\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"447\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-9-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-9-150x85.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/2-9.png 401w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 447px) 100vw, 447px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS),<\/strong> carried out by the <strong>National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)<\/strong>, has reported that unemployment rate in urban areas of the country has shown a decrease during the period April \u00adJune 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Similarly, the <strong>labor force participation rate (LFPR)<\/strong> for persons aged 15 and above and the <strong>worker population ratio (WPR)<\/strong> have also improved during the period.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">This national survey processed details from 5,639 first\u00ad stage sampling units (FSUs) and 1,67,916 people from 44,190 urban houses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The LFPR in urban areas increased from 47.5% in April\u00ad-June 2022 to 48.8% in April-<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">June 2023.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The WPR in urban areas increased from 43.9% in April \u00adJune 2022 to 45.5% for persons aged 15 and above.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The PLFS claimed a decreasing trend in unemployment rate (UR) for persons aged 15 and above.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The LFPR ranged from 46.2% to 47.8% during the pre \u00adpandemic period and in the latest report it was 48.8%.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/understanding-unemployment-in-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>unemployment<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> rate ranged between 7.8% and 9.7% during the pre\u00adp endemic period and at the latest survey it was 6.6%, which, according to the Centre, is lower than the unemployment rates observed in the quarters covered in the pre\u00ad pandemic period.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sixth_Basic_Taste\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Sixth Basic Taste.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | <b>Relevant for<\/b><\/span> Prelims, Science and technology<span style=\"color: #000000;\">.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18916 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/main-qimg-3eab5143293c71eb968ed256bbc24903-lq-300x294.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"467\" height=\"457\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/main-qimg-3eab5143293c71eb968ed256bbc24903-lq-300x294.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/main-qimg-3eab5143293c71eb968ed256bbc24903-lq-150x147.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/main-qimg-3eab5143293c71eb968ed256bbc24903-lq.jpg 558w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 467px) 100vw, 467px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The traditional five basic tastes, such as sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami, have been part of our understanding of taste for years. However, recent scientific research has unveiled evidence of a sixth basic taste sensation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">A recent study published in Nature Communications reveals the existence of a sixth basic taste.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">This new taste is triggered by ammonium chloride and activates the same protein receptor responsible for signaling sour taste.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Research identified the protein called OTOP1 as the one responsible for detecting sour taste.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">OTOP1 is situated within cell membranes and forms a channel for hydrogen ions moving into the cell.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">To validate their findings, scientists used a technique that measures electrical conductivity, simulating nerve signal conduction.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Normal mouse taste cells responded to ammonium chloride with increased action potentials. Genetically engineered mice lacking OTOP1 had no response.<\/strong> This confirmed their hypothesis that OTOP1 responds to the salt, generating an electrical signal in taste bud cells.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dandeli_forest\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b>Dandeli forest.<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | <b>Relevant for<\/b><\/span> Prelims, Ecology<span style=\"color: #000000;\">.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18917\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/maxresdefault-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"939\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/maxresdefault-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/maxresdefault-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/maxresdefault-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/maxresdefault-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/maxresdefault.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 939px) 100vw, 939px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>The Dandeli forest in Karnataka&#8217;s Uttara Kannada district,<\/strong> known for its diverse wildlife and ecosystem, faces substantial environmental shifts due to changing climate patterns and human interventions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Dandeli forest is located in the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka and is part of the Western Ghats, a globally recognized biodiversity hotspot.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The forest is known for its rich biodiversity, including a diverse range of flora and fauna, making it an important wildlife habitat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The Kali Tiger Reserve is a protected area adjacent to the Dandeli Forest.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The Tiger Reserve comprises two important protected areas of the region viz., <strong>Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary and Anshi National Park.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Concerns_Related_to_the_Dandeli_Forest_Ecosystem\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Concerns Related to the Dandeli Forest Ecosystem.<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Impact of Climate Change:<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Changing rainfall patterns and rising temperatures due to climate change have led to alterations in the forest ecosystem and a decrease in grasses in recent years.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Invasive Species &#8211; Eupatorium Weed:<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The invasive eupatorium weed is replacing native grasses in the forest undergrowth, impacting herbivores as it is not a preferred food source and is susceptible to fires.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Historical Changes:<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Historical changes, including forest transformations during the colonial era, have affected the forest&#8217;s character, changing it from semi-evergreen to moist deciduous forests.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Forest Fires and Environmental Impact:<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The suppression of controlled fires (Slash and Burn) during the British era and the introduction of non-native eupatorium weed have led to uncontrolled forest fires, affecting the forest ecosystem.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Impact on Herbivores and Predators:<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Decreased grasses have impacted the herbivore population, influencing the prey base for predators like leopards and tigers, resulting in increased conflicts with humans and predation on local cattle.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-paper-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18920\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-29-300x197.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 10 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"859\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-29-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-29-1024x671.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-29-150x98.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-29-768x503.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-29-120x80.jpg 120w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-29.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 859px) 100vw, 859px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Related_Blogs%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Related Blogs&#8230;<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-09-october-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18831\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-6-300x226.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 09 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"385\" height=\"290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-6-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-6-1024x770.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-6-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-6-768x578.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-6-1536x1155.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-6-2048x1540.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-6-880x660.jpg 880w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 385px) 100vw, 385px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-07-october-2023-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18757\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-5-300x226.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 07 October 2023 | GS | Sociology Optional for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS\" width=\"394\" height=\"297\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-5-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-5-1024x770.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-5-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-5-768x578.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-5-1536x1155.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-5-2048x1540.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-5-880x660.jpg 880w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GS_Related_Practices_Question%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>GS Related Practices Question&#8230;<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XKn1NOUcj1o\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OM6Ca_jWD5I\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">To master these intricacies and fare well in the <strong>Sociology Optional Syllabus<\/strong>, aspiring sociologists might benefit from guidance by the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Teacher<\/strong> and participation in the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Coaching<\/strong>. These avenues provide comprehensive assistance, ensuring a solid understanding of sociology&#8217;s diverse methodologies and techniques.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>META TAGS:<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Current affairs 10 October 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-09-october-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Current affairs 09 October 2023, <\/a>Today news, Today news GS, Today news upsc, Today news and views, Today news 2023, Today news Current affairs September 2023, Current affairs news, Current affairs book pdf, Current affairs best blog, Current affairs for UPSC, Current affairs 2023, Current affairs contact, Current affairs book, Current affairs program meaning<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-15262\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-300x50.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"822\" height=\"137\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-300x50.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-1024x171.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-150x25.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-768x128.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-1536x256.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-2048x341.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 822px) 100vw, 822px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Choose_The_Best_Sociology_Optional_Teacher_for_IAS_Preparation\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 28px;\">Choose <a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>T<strong>he Best Sociology Optional Teacher <\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/a>for IAS Preparation?<\/span><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">At the beginning of the journey for<strong> Civil Services Examination <\/strong>preparation, many students face a pivotal decision \u2013 selecting their optional subject. Questions such as &#8220;<strong><em>which optional subject is the best?<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; and &#8220;<strong><em>which optional subject is the most scoring?<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; frequently come to mind. Choosing the right optional subject, like choosing the <strong><em>best sociology optional teacher<\/em><\/strong>, is a subjective yet vital step that requires a thoughtful decision based on facts. A misstep in this crucial decision can indeed prove disastrous.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">Ever since the exam pattern was revamped in 2013, the UPSC has eliminated the need for a second optional subject. Now, candidates have to choose only one <strong>optional subject for the UPSC Mains<\/strong>, which has two papers of 250 marks each. One of the compelling choices for many has been the sociology optional. However, it&#8217;s strongly advised to decide on your optional subject for mains well ahead of time to get sufficient time to complete the syllabus. After all, most students score similarly in General Studies Papers; it&#8217;s the score in the optional subject &amp; essay that contributes significantly to the final selection.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 36px;\">\u201c<\/span>A sound strategy does not rely solely on the popular<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><em>Opinion of toppers or famous YouTubers cum teachers.<span style=\"font-size: 36px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">It requires understanding one&#8217;s ability, interest, and the relevance of the subject, not just for the exam but also for life in general. Hence, when selecting the best sociology teacher, one must consider the usefulness of <strong><em>sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> in <strong>General Studies, Essay, and Personality Test.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">The choice of the optional subject should be based on objective criteria, such as the nature, scope, and size of the syllabus, uniformity and stability in the question pattern, relevance of the syllabic content in daily life in society, and the availability of study material and guidance. For example, choosing the <strong><em>best sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> can ensure access to top-quality study materials and experienced teachers. Always remember, the approach of the UPSC optional subject differs from your academic studies of subjects. Therefore, before settling for <strong><em>sociology optional<\/em><\/strong>, you need to analyze the syllabus, previous years&#8217; pattern, subject requirements (be it ideal, visionary, numerical, conceptual theoretical), and your comfort level with the subject.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">This decision marks a critical point in your <strong><em>UPSC &#8211; CSE journey<\/em><\/strong>, potentially determining your success in a career in IAS\/Civil Services. Therefore, it&#8217;s crucial to choose wisely, whether it&#8217;s the optional subject or the <strong><em>best sociology optional teacher<\/em><\/strong>. Always base your decision on accurate facts, and never let your emotional biases guide your choices. After all, the search for the <strong><em>best sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> is about finding the perfect fit for your unique academic needs and aspirations.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kt3VeKYqoSs?t=54s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><sup><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/dL85EHfcitw?t=17s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tJcm9G2RwVE\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YXsRAVmvsCE?t=1s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">To master these intricacies and fare well in the <strong>Sociology Optional Syllabus<\/strong>, aspiring sociologists might benefit from guidance by the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Teacher<\/strong> and participation in the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Coaching<\/strong>. These avenues provide comprehensive assistance, ensuring a solid understanding of <strong>sociology&#8217;s<\/strong> diverse methodologies and techniques. <strong>Sociology, Social theory, Best Sociology Optional Teacher, Best Sociology Optional Coaching, Sociology Optional Syllabus.<br \/>\nBest Sociology Optional Teacher, Sociology Syllabus, Sociology Optional, Sociology Optional Coaching, Best Sociology Optional Coaching, Best Sociology Teacher, Sociology Course, Sociology Teacher, Sociology Foundation, Sociology Foundation Course, Sociology Optional UPSC, Sociology for IAS,<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/p9IYaTuS3sA?si=CiiRvqWVd_sdZNlm\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" \/><\/span><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/p9IYaTuS3sA?si=CiiRvqWVd_sdZNlm\" width=\"750\" height=\"421\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Follow us :<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/triumphias\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/triumphias<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"\ud83d\udd0e www.triumphias.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e www.triumphias.com<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0ehttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/VikashRanjanSociology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/t.me\/VikashRanjanSociology<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Find_More_Blogs%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #808000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Find More Blogs&#8230;<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/compare-and-contrast-karl-marxs-and-max-webers-analysis-of-the-modern-phenomena-of-capitalism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Compare and contrast Karl Marx\u2019s and Max weber\u2019s<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 49.8765%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/karl-marx-historical-materialism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Karl Marx- Historical Materialism<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/talcott-parsons-social-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Talcott Parsons : Social system<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 49.8765%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/scope-of-the-subject-and-comparison-with-other-social-sciences\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Scope of the subject and comparison with other social sciences<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Current Affairs 10 October 2023. Today&#8217;s News. Mental health and the floundering informal worker. Current Affairs 10 October 2023 |<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18897,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[123,995,18,73,7,42,15,844,1038,223,43,1,5259],"tags":[8858,8200,8198,8202,8197,8201,8199,8196,8203,8190,8194,8193,8195,8191,8192],"class_list":["post-18896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","category-current-affairs-international","category-general-studies-ii","category-general-studies-iv","category-general-studies-i","category-general-studies-iii-technology-economic-development-bio-diversity-environment-security-and-disaster-management","category-geography","category-gs","category-gs-mains","category-gs-revision-series","category-indian-economy","category-miscellaneous","category-upsc-history-blogs","tag-current-affairs-09-october-2023","tag-current-affairs-2023","tag-current-affairs-best-blog","tag-current-affairs-book","tag-current-affairs-book-pdf","tag-current-affairs-contact","tag-current-affairs-for-upsc","tag-current-affairs-news","tag-current-affairs-program-meaning","tag-today-news","tag-today-news-2023","tag-today-news-and-views","tag-today-news-current-affairs-september-2023","tag-today-news-gs","tag-today-news-upsc"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18896"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18896\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18924,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18896\/revisions\/18924"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18897"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}