{"id":18252,"date":"2023-10-02T13:32:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T08:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=18252"},"modified":"2023-10-07T12:45:34","modified_gmt":"2023-10-07T07:15:34","slug":"railway-safety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/","title":{"rendered":"Railway Safety: A Hidden Concern in India&#8217;s Massive Rail Network | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18270\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/s-o-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Railway Safety\" width=\"914\" height=\"515\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/s-o-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/s-o-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/s-o-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/s-o-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/s-o.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 914px) 100vw, 914px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-paper-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18271\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-300x197.jpg\" alt=\"Railway Safety: A Hidden Concern in India's Massive Rail Network, Best Sociology Optional Coaching, Sociology Optional Syllabus.\" width=\"813\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-1024x671.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-150x98.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-768x503.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts-120x80.jpg 120w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sts.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 813px) 100vw, 813px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >What's Inside this Blog!<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Railway_Safety_A_hidden_concern\" title=\"Railway Safety: A hidden concern\">Railway Safety: A hidden concern<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Relevant_for_General_Studies_Paper_Infrastructure_Econo_PrelimsMains\" title=\"(Relevant for General\u00a0Studies Paper | Infrastructure\u00a0 | Econo| Prelims\/Mains)\">(Relevant for General\u00a0Studies Paper | Infrastructure\u00a0 | Econo| Prelims\/Mains)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Railway_Safety_A_hidden_concern-2\" title=\"Railway Safety: A hidden concern\">Railway Safety: A hidden concern<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Primary_Reasons_behind_Railway_Accidents\" title=\"Primary Reasons behind Railway Accidents\">Primary Reasons behind Railway Accidents<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Steps_taken_to_reduce_railway_accidents\" title=\"Steps taken to reduce railway accidents\">Steps taken to reduce railway accidents<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Committees_recommendations\" title=\"Committees recommendations\">Committees recommendations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#What_can_be_done_to_reduce_railway_accidents\" title=\"What can be done to reduce railway accidents\">What can be done to reduce railway accidents<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Related_Blogs%E2%80%A6\" title=\"Related Blogs&#8230;\">Related Blogs&#8230;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions\" title=\"Frequently Asked Questions:\">Frequently Asked Questions:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#GS_Related_Practices_Questions%E2%80%A6\" title=\"GS Related Practices Questions&#8230;\u00a0\">GS Related Practices Questions&#8230;\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Why_Vikash_Ranjans_Classes_for_Sociology\" title=\"Why Vikash Ranjan&#8217;s Classes for Sociology?\">Why Vikash Ranjan&#8217;s Classes for Sociology?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Choose_The_Best_Sociology_Optional_Teacher_for_IAS_Preparation\" title=\"Choose The Best Sociology Optional Teacher for IAS Preparation?\">Choose The Best Sociology Optional Teacher for IAS Preparation?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/railway-safety\/#Find_More_Blogs\" title=\"Find More Blogs\">Find More Blogs<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Railway_Safety_A_hidden_concern\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Railway Safety: A hidden concern<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relevant_for_General_Studies_Paper_Infrastructure_Econo_PrelimsMains\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><em><b>(Relevant for <\/b><b>General<\/b><b>\u00a0<\/b><b>Studies<\/b> Paper<strong> | Infrastructure\u00a0 | Econo|<\/strong> Prelims\/Mains)<\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18273\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Agriculture-Instagram-Post-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Railway Safety: A Hidden Concern in India's Massive Rail Network, Best Sociology Optional Coaching, Sociology Optional Syllabus.\" width=\"884\" height=\"884\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Agriculture-Instagram-Post-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Agriculture-Instagram-Post-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Agriculture-Instagram-Post-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Agriculture-Instagram-Post-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Agriculture-Instagram-Post.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 884px) 100vw, 884px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Railway_Safety_A_hidden_concern-2\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/transforming-railway-sector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Railway Safety<\/a>: A hidden concern<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>The Indian Railways safety stands as one of the largest railway networks globally, serving millions of individuals as their primary mode of transportation daily.<\/strong> Data indicates a significant reduction in derailments, the predominant cause of accidents, over the past two decades\u2014from approximately 350 annually at the turn of the millennium to 22 in 2021-22.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Despite this positive trend, tragic events like the one at <strong>Bahanaga Bazar railway station in Balasore underscore the imperative for enhanced safety measures and infrastructure.<\/strong> The loss of numerous lives serves as a poignant reminder of the critical need to ensure the railways&#8217; safety for all passengers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">In the aftermath of this incident, there are widespread calls for accountability from railway authorities and a demand to address underlying systemic issues contributing to such accidents. Experts are advocating for preventive measures, including the enhancement of signalling systems and investments in advanced technology to avert similar incidents in the future.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Comparisons with international railway safety systems have been drawn,<\/strong> emphasizing the necessity for India to elevate its infrastructure and safety protocols to match global standards. In summary, this incident has spotlighted the vital significance of guaranteeing the safety and dependability of the Indian Railways for all its users.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Primary_Reasons_behind_Railway_Accidents\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Primary Reasons behind Railway Accidents<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Infrastructure Deficiencies:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <strong>railway safety<\/strong> infrastructure, encompassing tracks, bridges, overhead wires, and rolling stock, often exhibits defects stemming from inadequate maintenance, ageing, vandalism, sabotage, or natural calamities. A considerable portion of this infrastructure was constructed in the 19th and 20th centuries and has not undergone upgrades to meet burgeoning demand and contemporary standards. Insufficient funds, corruption, and inefficiency further impede the development and upkeep of the railway system. Additionally, numerous routes operate at over 100% capacity, escalating the risk of accidents due to congestion and overloading.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Human Fallibility:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong> Railway safety<\/strong> personnel, tasked with operating, maintaining, and overseeing trains and tracks, are susceptible to human errors caused by fatigue, negligence, corruption, or a lack of adherence to safety protocols. Such errors may manifest in incorrect signalling, miscommunication, speeding violations, or oversight of defects or hazards. The inadequacy of training and communication skills among railway staff further impacts their performance and coordination.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Signal Failures:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The signalling system, responsible for regulating the movement and direction of trains on the tracks, can experience failures due to technical glitches, power outages, or human errors. Signal malfunctions may lead to trains running on the wrong track, collisions with other trains or stationary objects, or overshooting stations. For instance, the recent train accident in Odisha was purportedly caused by a change in electronic interlocking that was not effectively communicated to the drivers.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Unmanned Level Crossings (UMLCs):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> UMLCs, where railway tracks intersect roads without barriers or signals to control traffic, pose a significant accident risk. Vehicles or pedestrians may fail to notice approaching trains or attempt to cross the track when a train is in close proximity. In the fiscal year 2018-19, UMLCs contributed to 16% of all train accidents in India. While unmanned level crossings on broad gauge routes have been eliminated, there remain manned level crossings that continue to pose a risk of accidents.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Steps_taken_to_reduce_railway_accidents\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Steps taken to reduce railway accidents<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh (RRSK):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A safety fund dedicated to critical assets. Established in the fiscal year 2017-18, it boasts a corpus of Rs 1 lakh crore spread over five years. The fund is allocated for essential safety-related projects such as track renewals, signalling initiatives, bridge rehabilitation, and more.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Technological Advancements:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Enhancements in the design and features of coaches and wagons. This involves the introduction of Modified Centre Buffer Couplers, Bogie Mounted Air Brake System (BMBS), improved suspension design, and the incorporation of an Automatic Fire &amp; Smoke Detection system in coaches. Additionally, the deployment of KAVACH, an indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system, is part of this initiative.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>LHB Design Coaches:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Adoption of lighter and safer coaches for Mail\/Express trains. These coaches, based on German technology, feature superior anti-climbing attributes, fire-retardant materials, higher speed potential, and an extended service life compared to conventional ICF design coaches.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>GPS-Based Fog Pass Device:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A device designed to assist loco pilots in navigating foggy conditions. This GPS-enabled handheld device provides real-time information on approaching landmarks, such as signals and level crossing gates. It also issues loud alerts to the loco pilot when the train is approaching a signal or a level crossing gate.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Modern Track Structure:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Implementation of robust and durable tracks and bridges. This includes the utilization of Prestressed Concrete Sleepers (PSC), rails with higher Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), fan-shaped layout turnout on PSC sleepers, Steel Channel Sleepers on girder bridges, and more.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Ultrasonic Flaw Detection (USFD):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Adoption of a technique to identify and rectify faulty rails. This non-destructive testing method employs high-frequency sound waves to inspect rails for cracks, defects, or flaws that might lead to derailments or accidents. Faulty rails identified through this process are replaced with new ones.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Mechanization of Track Maintenance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Implementation of a system to automate and optimize track maintenance. This involves the use of machines like track tamping machines, ballast regulating machines, dynamic track stabilizers, etc., to conduct track maintenance activities such as tamping, dressing, stabilizing, and more. This reduces human errors, improving track quality and safety.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Interlocking System:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Introduction of a system to centrally control points and signals. This system employs electrical or electronic devices to operate points and signals from a central location, eliminating the need for manual ground-level operation by staff. This not only reduces the likelihood of human error but also enhances safety.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Elimination of Unmanned Level Crossings (UMLCs): Progressive elimination of UMLCs through closures, mergers, manning, or the provision of subways\/road under bridges\/road over bridges.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Committees_recommendations\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; color: #800000;\"><b>Committees recommendations<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Kakodkar Committee (2012):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Establishment of a statutory Railway Safety Authority Creation of a non-lapsable Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh (RRSK) with a fund of Rs. 1 lakh crores over a period of 5 years for safety-related projects Adoption of advanced technologies for track maintenance and inspection Enhancement of human resource development and management Ensuring an independent accident investigation process.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Bibek Debroy Committee (2014):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Decoupling the railway budget from the general budget Outsourcing non-core activities Formation of a Railway Infrastructure Authority of India.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Vinod Rai Committee (2015): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Formation of an independent Railway Safety Authority with statutory powers Establishment of a Railway Accident Investigation Board for conducting impartial and independent inquiries Creation of a distinct Railway Infrastructure Company responsible for owning and maintaining railway assets Introduction of a performance-linked incentive scheme for railway employees.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18272\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Anti-Collision-System-Kavach-259x300.jpg\" alt=\"Railway Safety: A Hidden Concern in India's Massive Rail Network, Best Sociology Optional Coaching, Sociology Optional Syllabus.\" width=\"831\" height=\"963\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Anti-Collision-System-Kavach-259x300.jpg 259w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Anti-Collision-System-Kavach-130x150.jpg 130w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Anti-Collision-System-Kavach.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 831px) 100vw, 831px\" \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_can_be_done_to_reduce_railway_accidents\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>What can be done to reduce railway accidents<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Invest More in Safety-Related Initiatives:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Allocate additional funds for track renewal, bridge maintenance, signalling upgrades, and coach refurbishment.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Train Employees to Minimize Errors:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Provide regular and comprehensive training to railway staff on the latest technologies, equipment, systems, safety protocols, and procedures.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Eliminate Level Crossings:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Construct Road overbridges (ROBs) or road underbridges (RUBs) to replace both unmanned and manned level crossings.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Adopt Advanced Technologies:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Install anti-collision devices (ACDs) like Kavach\/Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS), Train Protection Warning System (TPWS), Automatic Train Control (ATC), etc. The implementation of these technologies is underway on certain sections of tracks and needs expansion to cover the entire network.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Introduce Performance-Linked Incentives:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Implement a reward system for railway staff based on their performance and adherence to safety regulations.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Outsource Non-Core Work:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Delegate non-core activities, such as maintaining hospitals and colleges, to private or public sector entities to enhance efficiency and reduce costs.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Establish a Statutory Railway Safety Authority:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Create a railway safety authority as a statutory body with the authority to set safety standards, conduct safety audits and inspections, enforce accountability and penalties for lapses, and investigate accidents.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Conduct Regular Safety Audits and Inspections:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Monitor, evaluate, and audit the safety performance of railway staff, infrastructure, and equipment. Enforce strict accountability and penalties for any lapses.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Enhance Coordination and Communication:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Improve communication and coordination among the railway board, zonal railways, divisions, production units, research organizations, etc., involved in railway operations.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b>Establish a Confidential Incident Reporting and Analysis System (CIRAS): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Implement a mechanism, similar to the one developed by a British University, encouraging lower-level staff to report deviations in real-time while maintaining confidentiality. Support this system with the necessary communication and information technology infrastructure to make it accessible and user-friendly for all staff members.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Simultaneously, shift the management mindset from a fault-finding and punishment-oriented approach to one that emphasizes shared commitment to railway safety. Focus on correction rather than punishment, actively listening to the voices of staff at all levels.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><b style=\"font-size: 1.125rem;\">Rethink the Indian Railways Management Service (IRMS) Scheme:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Conduct a thorough evaluation of the IRMS scheme and its impact on loyalty, ownership, and safety management. Consider revising or modifying the scheme to maintain a sense of specialization and loyalty towards specific disciplines or departments, promoting a stronger commitment to safety.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 14px;\"><em><strong>Reference The\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><i>Hindu<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Related_Blogs%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Related Blogs&#8230;<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/transforming-railway-sector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18267\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gs-dsfc-300x225.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"362\" height=\"271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gs-dsfc-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gs-dsfc-150x113.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gs-dsfc-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gs-dsfc.jpeg 880w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 362px) 100vw, 362px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/green-railway\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18274\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gs-1-300x209.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"370\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gs-1-300x209.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gs-1-150x105.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gs-1-768x536.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gs-1.jpeg 880w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions:<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>1. Question: What are the primary reasons behind railway accidents in India? <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The primary reasons behind railway accidents in India include infrastructure deficiencies, human fallibility, signal failures, and unmanned level crossings.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>2. Question: What is the Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh (RRSK), and how does it contribute to railway safety? <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> RRSK is a safety fund dedicated to critical railway assets, allocated for safety-related projects like track renewals, signalling initiatives, and bridge rehabilitation, aiming to enhance railway safety.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>3. Question: Name one technological advancement introduced to improve railway safety in India. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The introduction of the GPS-Based Fog Pass Device is one technological advancement to assist loco pilots in navigating foggy conditions and enhance safety.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>4. Question: What is the significance of establishing a Railway Safety Authority as recommended by the Kakodkar Committee? <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The <strong>Railway Safety<\/strong> Authority would set safety standards, conduct audits, enforce accountability, and investigate accidents, ensuring a safer railway system.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>5. Question: How can Indian Railways enhance safety through the adoption of advanced technologies? <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Indian <strong>Railways Safety<\/strong> can enhance safety by implementing anti-collision devices like Kavach\/Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS), Train Protection Warning System (TPWS), and Automatic Train Control (ATC) across the network.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GS_Related_Practices_Questions%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>GS Related Practices Questions&#8230;\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XKn1NOUcj1o\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OM6Ca_jWD5I\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">To master these intricacies and fare well in the <strong>Sociology Optional Syllabus<\/strong>, aspiring sociologists might benefit from guidance by the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Teacher<\/strong> and participation in the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Coaching<\/strong>. These avenues provide comprehensive assistance, ensuring a solid understanding of sociology&#8217;s diverse methodologies and techniques.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>META TAGS:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Railway Safety, Indian Railways, infrastructure deficiencies, human fallibility, signal failures, unmanned level crossings, Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh, technological advancements, LHB design coaches, GPS-based fog pass device, modern track structure, committees recommendations, railway safety, reducing railway accidents, safety-related initiatives, advanced technologies, performance-linked incentives, railway safety authority, safety audits, confidential incident reporting, IRMS scheme<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-15262\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-300x50.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"822\" height=\"137\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-300x50.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-1024x171.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-150x25.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-768x128.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-1536x256.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-2048x341.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 822px) 100vw, 822px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_Vikash_Ranjans_Classes_for_Sociology\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; color: #ff0000;\">Why Vikash Ranjan&#8217;s Classes for Sociology?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Proper guidance and assistance are required to learn the skill of interlinking current happenings with the conventional topics. <strong>VIKASH RANJAN SIR <\/strong>at <strong>TRIUMPH IAS<\/strong> guides students according to the Recent Trends of UPSC, making him the <strong>Best Sociology Teacher<\/strong> for <strong>Sociology Optional UPSC.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">At Triumph IAS, the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Coaching<\/strong> platform, we not only provide the best study material and applied classes for <strong>Sociology for IAS<\/strong> but also conduct regular assignments and class tests to assess candidates&#8217; writing skills and understanding of the subject.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Choose_The_Best_Sociology_Optional_Teacher_for_IAS_Preparation\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 28px;\">Choose <a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>T<strong>he Best Sociology Optional Teacher <\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/a>for IAS Preparation?<\/span><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">At the beginning of the journey for<strong> Civil Services Examination <\/strong>preparation, many students face a pivotal decision \u2013 selecting their optional subject. Questions such as &#8220;<strong><em>which optional subject is the best?<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; and &#8220;<strong><em>which optional subject is the most scoring?<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; frequently come to mind. Choosing the right optional subject, like choosing the <strong><em>best sociology optional teacher<\/em><\/strong>, is a subjective yet vital step that requires a thoughtful decision based on facts. A misstep in this crucial decision can indeed prove disastrous.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">Ever since the exam pattern was revamped in 2013, the UPSC has eliminated the need for a second optional subject. Now, candidates have to choose only one <strong>optional subject for the UPSC Mains<\/strong>, which has two papers of 250 marks each. One of the compelling choices for many has been the sociology optional. However, it&#8217;s strongly advised to decide on your optional subject for mains well ahead of time to get sufficient time to complete the syllabus. After all, most students score similarly in General Studies Papers; it&#8217;s the score in the optional subject &amp; essay that contributes significantly to the final selection.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 36px;\">\u201c<\/span>A sound strategy does not rely solely on the popular<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><em>Opinion of toppers or famous YouTubers cum teachers.<span style=\"font-size: 36px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">It requires understanding one&#8217;s ability, interest, and the relevance of the subject, not just for the exam but also for life in general. Hence, when selecting the best sociology teacher, one must consider the usefulness of <strong><em>sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> in <strong>General Studies, Essay, and Personality Test.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">The choice of the optional subject should be based on objective criteria, such as the nature, scope, and size of the syllabus, uniformity and stability in the question pattern, relevance of the syllabic content in daily life in society, and the availability of study material and guidance. For example, choosing the <strong><em>best sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> can ensure access to top-quality study materials and experienced teachers. Always remember, the approach of the UPSC optional subject differs from your academic studies of subjects. Therefore, before settling for <strong><em>sociology optional<\/em><\/strong>, you need to analyze the syllabus, previous years&#8217; pattern, subject requirements (be it ideal, visionary, numerical, conceptual theoretical), and your comfort level with the subject.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">This decision marks a critical point in your <strong><em>UPSC &#8211; CSE journey<\/em><\/strong>, potentially determining your success in a career in IAS\/Civil Services. Therefore, it&#8217;s crucial to choose wisely, whether it&#8217;s the optional subject or the <strong><em>best sociology optional teacher<\/em><\/strong>. Always base your decision on accurate facts, and never let your emotional biases guide your choices. After all, the search for the <strong><em>best sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> is about finding the perfect fit for your unique academic needs and aspirations.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kt3VeKYqoSs?t=54s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><sup><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/dL85EHfcitw?t=17s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tJcm9G2RwVE\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YXsRAVmvsCE?t=1s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">To master these intricacies and fare well in the <strong>Sociology Optional Syllabus<\/strong>, aspiring sociologists might benefit from guidance by the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Teacher<\/strong> and participation in the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Coaching<\/strong>. These avenues provide comprehensive assistance, ensuring a solid understanding of <strong>sociology&#8217;s<\/strong> diverse methodologies and techniques. <strong>Sociology, Social theory, Best Sociology Optional Teacher, Best Sociology Optional Coaching, Sociology Optional Syllabus.<br \/>\nBest Sociology Optional Teacher, Sociology Syllabus, Sociology Optional, Sociology Optional Coaching, Best Sociology Optional Coaching, Best Sociology Teacher, Sociology Course, Sociology Teacher, Sociology Foundation, Sociology Foundation Course, Sociology Optional UPSC, Sociology for IAS,<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/p9IYaTuS3sA?si=CiiRvqWVd_sdZNlm\" width=\"750\" height=\"421\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Follow us :<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/triumphias\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/triumphias<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"\ud83d\udd0e www.triumphias.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e www.triumphias.com<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0ehttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/VikashRanjanSociology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/t.me\/VikashRanjanSociology<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Find_More_Blogs\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #808000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Find More Blogs<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/compare-and-contrast-karl-marxs-and-max-webers-analysis-of-the-modern-phenomena-of-capitalism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Compare and contrast Karl Marx\u2019s and Max weber\u2019s<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/karl-marx-historical-materialism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Karl Marx- Historical Materialism<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/talcott-parsons-social-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Talcott Parsons : Social system<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/scope-of-the-subject-and-comparison-with-other-social-sciences\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Scope of the subject and comparison with other social sciences<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Railway Safety: A hidden concern (Relevant for General\u00a0Studies Paper | Infrastructure\u00a0 | Econo| Prelims\/Mains) Railway Safety: A hidden concern The<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18265,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1044,18,73,7,42,15,844,1038,223,1,1042],"tags":[8547,8544,8551,8542,8537,8535,8536,8552,8541,8543,8548,8534,8549,8540,8545,8550,8546,8538,5483,8539],"class_list":["post-18252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-general-studies-ii","category-general-studies-iv","category-general-studies-i","category-general-studies-iii-technology-economic-development-bio-diversity-environment-security-and-disaster-management","category-geography","category-gs","category-gs-mains","category-gs-revision-series","category-miscellaneous","category-polity","tag-advanced-technologies","tag-committees-recommendations","tag-confidential-incident-reporting","tag-gps-based-fog-pass-device","tag-human-fallibility","tag-indian-railways","tag-infrastructure-deficiencies","tag-irms-scheme","tag-lhb-design-coaches","tag-modern-track-structure","tag-performance-linked-incentives","tag-railway-safety","tag-railway-safety-authority","tag-rashtriya-rail-sanraksha-kosh","tag-reducing-railway-accidents","tag-safety-audits","tag-safety-related-initiatives","tag-signal-failures","tag-technological-advancements","tag-unmanned-level-crossings"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18252","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18252"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18252\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18724,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18252\/revisions\/18724"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18265"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18252"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18252"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18252"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}