{"id":18203,"date":"2023-09-30T17:34:09","date_gmt":"2023-09-30T12:04:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=18203"},"modified":"2023-10-07T12:34:19","modified_gmt":"2023-10-07T07:04:19","slug":"current-affairs-30-sep-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18705 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/so-4-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023\" width=\"644\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/so-4-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/so-4-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/so-4-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/so-4-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/so-4.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-paper-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18706 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sts-6-300x197.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023\" width=\"638\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sts-6-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sts-6-1024x671.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sts-6-150x98.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sts-6-768x503.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sts-6-120x80.jpg 120w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sts-6.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >What's Inside this Blog!<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Current_Affairs_30_Sep_2023\" title=\"Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023\">Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Todays_News\" title=\"Today&#8217;s News\">Today&#8217;s News<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Kerala_Oppn_Appeals_to_Governor_to_deny_assent_to_former_CJs_appointment_as_SHRC_chairperson\" title=\"Kerala Oppn. Appeals to Governor to deny assent to former CJ\u2019s appointment as SHRC chairperson\">Kerala Oppn. Appeals to Governor to deny assent to former CJ\u2019s appointment as SHRC chairperson<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Refresh_basics\" title=\"Refresh basics\">Refresh basics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Global_dispute_settlement_India_and_appellate_review\" title=\"Global dispute settlement, India and appellate review\">Global dispute settlement, India and appellate review<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Refresh_basics-2\" title=\"Refresh basics\">Refresh basics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Age_of_consent_under_POCSO_must_remain\" title=\"Age of consent under POCSO must remain\">Age of consent under POCSO must remain<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Refresh_to_basics\" title=\"Refresh to basics\">Refresh to basics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Hot_dry_August_lifts_core_sector_growth_to_a_14month_high\" title=\"Hot, dry August lifts core sector growth to a 14\u00admonth high\">Hot, dry August lifts core sector growth to a 14\u00admonth high<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Refresh_basics-3\" title=\"Refresh basics\">Refresh basics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Urban_Shift_Asia_Forum\" title=\"Urban Shift Asia Forum\">Urban Shift Asia Forum<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Pangolins_Hidden_Diversity\" title=\"Pangolin&#8217;s Hidden Diversity\">Pangolin&#8217;s Hidden Diversity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Related_Blogs%E2%80%A6\" title=\"Related Blogs&#8230;\">Related Blogs&#8230;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#GS_Related_Practices_Question%E2%80%A6\" title=\"GS Related Practices Question&#8230;\">GS Related Practices Question&#8230;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Choose_The_Best_Sociology_Optional_Teacher_for_IAS_Preparation\" title=\"Choose The Best Sociology Optional Teacher for IAS Preparation?\">Choose The Best Sociology Optional Teacher for IAS Preparation?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-30-sep-2023\/#Find_More_Blogs\" title=\"Find More Blogs\">Find More Blogs<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Current_Affairs_30_Sep_2023\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Todays_News\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 60px; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Today&#8217;s News<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_Oppn_Appeals_to_Governor_to_deny_assent_to_former_CJs_appointment_as_SHRC_chairperson\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b>Kerala Oppn. Appeals to Governor to deny assent to former CJ\u2019s appointment as SHRC chairperson<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(C<span style=\"color: #000000;\">urrent Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | <\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relevant for<b> \u00a0GS paper-2, Prelims<\/b><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">)<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18217\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-22-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"887\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-22-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-22-1024x767.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-22-150x112.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-22-768x575.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-22-880x660.jpg 880w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-22.jpg 1424w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 887px) 100vw, 887px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Leader of the Opposition VD. Satheesan on Friday set off another bout of sparring over the government\u2019s move to appoint former Kerala High Court Chief Justice S. Manikumar as chairperson of the <strong>State Human Rights Commission (SHRC).<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">In an open appeal to Governor Arif Mohammed Khan, Mr Satheesan requested Raj Bhavan to deny assent to the proposed appointment. Mr. Satheesan said a few of Mr. Manikumar\u2019s decisions as Chief Justice had raised serious concerns about his ability to function impartially and fairly.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Refresh_basics\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif; color: #800000;\"><b>Refresh basics<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/protection-of-human-rights-amendments-bill-2018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">State Human Rights Commission<\/a> (SHRC)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>A statutory body created under the Protection of Human Rights Act of 1993 is the State Human Rights Commission<\/strong>. Only those topics covered under the State List (List-II) and the Concurrent List (List-III) of the Constitution\u2019s Seventh Schedule are subject to investigation by a State Human Rights Commission. In light of this, the State Human Rights Commissions have been established by 26 states via Official Gazette Notifications.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>The State Human Rights Commission, or SHRC, is made up of two commissioners and a chairperson.<\/strong> The Governor appoints the members of the State Human Rights Commission. However, the President alone has the power to remove them. The State Human Rights Commission\u2019s chairperson and members are appointed for terms of three years or until they turn 70.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>The retired Chief Justice or judge of the High Court must be the SHRC chairman to be eligible.<\/strong> The members will also only be qualified if they have at least seven years of District Judge experience and have served or retired as a High Court Judge or a District Judge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>Additionally, the candidates should have some background in or awareness of human rights.<\/strong> The SHRC chairman and members\u2019 terms in office are for three years or until they turn 70, whichever comes first. Only on the basis of proposals given by a particular Committee of Chief Ministers (chairman of the committee) and the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly is the Governor authorized to designate the Chairman and members of the State Human Rights Commission.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>The State Human Rights Commission must carry out a number of additional duties in order to accomplish its primary goal, which is to protect human rights.<\/strong> Its duties include investigating any human rights violations in the state in question and taking steps to prevent them from occurring in the case of public employees, arbitrating any ongoing legal disputes involving claims of human rights violations at any given time in the state, and evaluating the living conditions of prisoners and those who have spent time in other detention facilities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>The State Human Rights Commission has full authority to oversee the entire procedure on its own.<\/strong> It conducts judicial procedures in the same manner as a court and has a full range of authority comparable to a civil court. The SHRC has the jurisdiction to request information about the case from the state governor or any other authority, as well as to demand payment of damages to the victim.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18218\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6-300x169.png\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"950\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6-150x84.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>Limmitations<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The SHRC merely has a narrow scope of authority and can only look into cases of human rights abuses in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The SHRC is dependent on the government to put its recommendations into action because it lacks enforcement authority.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The SHRC lacks the jurisdiction to take legal action against private individuals who violate human rights. Little of the State Human Rights Commission\u2019s cases involving the military forces fall under its purview.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Global_dispute_settlement_India_and_appellate_review\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><b>Global dispute settlement, India and appellate review<\/b><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>(<\/strong><strong>Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | <\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relevant for <b>GS paper-3<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18219 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-6-300x200.png\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"455\" height=\"303\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-6-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-6-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-6-120x80.png 120w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-6.png 621w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The recently concluded G\u00ad20 Declaration, among its many commitments, reiterated the need to pursue reform of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/opinion-india-needs-to-join-wto-talks-on-e-commerce-for-msmes-sake\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>World Trade Organization (WTO)<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to improve all its functions and conduct proactive discussions \u201cto ensure a fully and well functioning dispute settlement system accessible to all members by 2024\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The WTO\u2019s dispute settlement system, conceived as a two\u00adtier panel cum appellate body structure, has been dysfunctional since 2019,because the United States has blocked the appointment of appellate body members.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Hailed as the crown jewel of the WTO, the dispute settlement system, with the scope for \u00a0 and mechanisms to enforce rulings, has issued over 493 rulings since its establishment in 1995. To put this in context, the International Court of Justice has dealt with only around 190 cases since 1947.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">While the commitment expressed in the G\u00ad20 Declaration is heartening, whether it will have an appellate process or just be a one\u00adstage panel process, given Washington\u2019s continued opposition to an appellate review process, remains to be seen.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">While the future of the WTO\u2019s appellate process is uncertain, another area of international law witnessing the formative stages for an appellate process is international investment law through investor\u00ad state \u00addispute settlement (ISDS), an ubiquitous component of Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The absence of an appellate review mechanism has meant that inconsistent and incoherent decisions and legal reasoning dot the landscape of international investment law. This has caused instability and improbability for states and foreign investors, making the regime chaotic.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">An appellate review mechanism will allow for rectifying errors of law and harmonizing diverging interpretations. It will have the power to uphold, modify, or reverse the decision of a first\u00ad tier tribunal and thus bring coherence and consistency, which, in turn, will infuse predictability and certainty into the ISDS system.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">An appellate mechanism will also be better than existing mechanisms such as the annulment proceedings, which only apply to arbitrations administered by the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes \u2014 an institution India is not a member of Further, such annulment proceedings can only address limited issues, such as the improper constitution of an arbitration tribunal or corruption but cannot correct errors in legal interpretation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Discussions on creating an appellate review mechanism are ongoing at the <strong>United Nations Commission on International Trade Law or UNCITRAL\u2019s<\/strong> working group III, deliberating on ISDS reforms.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Although India has not made a formal statement on this issue, India, presumably, supports the idea of an appellate review in the ISDS because Article 29 of the Indian model BIT talks of it. Given India\u2019s concerns about inconsistency and incoherence in the ISDS system, supporting the creation of an appellate review mechanism will be in India\u2019s interest.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>In any case,<\/strong> India will have to take a stand on this issue as part of the ongoing investment treaty negotiations with the European Union, which is championing the creation of an appellate review mechanism for investment disputes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18220\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-5-300x236.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"869\" height=\"684\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-5-300x236.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-5-1024x807.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-5-150x118.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-5-768x605.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-5-1536x1210.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-5.jpg 1786w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 869px) 100vw, 869px\" \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Refresh_basics-2\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif; color: #800000;\"><b>Refresh basics<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>Investor\u00ad state \u00addispute settlement (ISDS)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The ISDS mechanism permits companies to drag governments to international arbitration without exhausting the local remedies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">It also allows them to claim huge amounts as compensation citing losses they suffered due to reasons, including policy changes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The contentious ISDS mechanism already has been incorporated by investment pact by the EU and Canada.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18221\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/3-3-300x169.png\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"829\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/3-3-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/3-3-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/3-3-150x84.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/3-3-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/3-3-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/3-3.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 829px) 100vw, 829px\" \/><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>International Investment Agreement (IIA)<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">An <strong>International Investment Agreement (IIA)<\/strong> is a type of treaty between countries that addresses issues relevant to cross-border investments, usually for the purpose of protection, promotion and liberalization of such investments. Most IIAs cover <strong>foreign direct investment (FDI)<\/strong> and portfolio investment, but some exclude the latter.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Countries concluding IIAs commit themselves to adhere to specific standards on the treatment of foreign investments within their territory. IIAs further define procedures for the resolution of disputes should these commitments not be met.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The most common types of IIAs are <strong>Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) and Preferential Trade and Investment Agreements (PTIAs)<\/strong>. <strong>International Taxation Agreements and Double Taxation Treaties (DTTs)<\/strong> are also considered as IIAs, as taxation commonly has an important impact on foreign investment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>Countries conclude IIAs primarily for the protection and, indirectly, promotion of foreign investment, and increasingly also for the purpose of liberalization of such investment.<\/strong> IIAs offer companies and individuals from contracting parties increased security and certainty under international law when they invest or set up a business in other countries party to the agreement. The reduction of the investment risk flowing from an IIA is meant to encourage companies and individuals to invest in the country that concluded the IIA.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Age_of_consent_under_POCSO_must_remain\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><b>Age of consent under POCSO must remain<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 |<b>GS paper-2, Prelims<\/b><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18222 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/6bc4aacf-2115-4971-bab0-d5051869c090-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"527\" height=\"351\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/6bc4aacf-2115-4971-bab0-d5051869c090-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/6bc4aacf-2115-4971-bab0-d5051869c090-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/6bc4aacf-2115-4971-bab0-d5051869c090-120x80.jpg 120w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/6bc4aacf-2115-4971-bab0-d5051869c090.jpg 440w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 527px) 100vw, 527px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The government should not tinker with the age of consent \u2014 currently 18 years \u2014 under the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, the Law Commission said in a report made public.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The 22nd Law Commission, headed by Justice (Retired) Ritu Raj Awasthi, submitted its report (no. 283) to the Law Ministry on September 27.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">In the report, the Law panel noted that certain amendments would be required in the POCSO Act, 2012 to remedy the situation in cases involving tacit approval, though not consent under law, on the part of children aged between 16 and 18 years.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Refresh_to_basics\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif; color: #800000;\"><b>Refresh to basics<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/the-protection-of-children-from-sexual-offences-pocso-act-2012-objectives-of-the-act-and-the-reasons-for-its-limitations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>POSCO ACT<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>POCSO Act<\/strong> came into effect on<strong> 14th November 2012<\/strong> which was enacted in consequence to India\u2019s ratification of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1992.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The aim of this special law is to address offences of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children, which were either not specifically defined or in adequately penalised.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The Act defines a child as any person below the age of 18 years. The Act provides punishment as per the gravity of offense.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The Act was further reviewed and amended in 2019 to Introduce more stringent punishment including the death penalty for Committing sexual crimes on children, with a view to deter the perpetrators &amp; prevent such crimes against children.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The Government of India has also notified the <strong>POCSO Rules, 2020.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>Gender-Neutral Nature:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The Act recognizes that both girls and boys can be victims of sexual abuse and that such abuse is a crime regardless of the gender of the victim.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">This is in line with the principle that all children have the right to protection from sexual abuse and exploitation, and that laws should not discriminate based on gender.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18223\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6-210x300.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"847\" height=\"1210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6-210x300.jpg 210w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6-105x150.jpg 105w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/2-6.jpg 635w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 847px) 100vw, 847px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>Ease in Reporting Cases:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">There is sufficient general awareness now to report cases of sexual exploitation of children not only by individuals but also by institutions as non-reporting has been made a specific offense under the <strong>POCSO Act.<\/strong> This has made it comparatively difficult to hide offenses against children.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>Explicit Definition of Terms:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The storage of child pornography material has been made a new offense.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Further, the offence of \u2018sexual assault\u2019 has been defined in explicit terms (with increased minimum punishment) unlike an abstract definition of \u2018outraging modesty of a woman\u2019 in the Indian Penal Code.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hot_dry_August_lifts_core_sector_growth_to_a_14month_high\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>Hot, dry August lifts core sector growth to a 14\u00admonth high<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif; color: #000000;\"><strong>(Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | Relevant for<b>\u00a0Prelims<\/b>)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18225 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/e8bf4003-ac74-439a-a47e-01bc0b299584-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"549\" height=\"412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/e8bf4003-ac74-439a-a47e-01bc0b299584-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/e8bf4003-ac74-439a-a47e-01bc0b299584-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/e8bf4003-ac74-439a-a47e-01bc0b299584-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/e8bf4003-ac74-439a-a47e-01bc0b299584-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/e8bf4003-ac74-439a-a47e-01bc0b299584-880x660.jpg 880w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/e8bf4003-ac74-439a-a47e-01bc0b299584.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 549px) 100vw, 549px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Output at the eight core infrastructure sectors rose by a combined 12.1% in August, the fastest pace in 14 months, with five reporting double \u00addigit growth, spurring hopes of a healthy uptick in industrial production last month.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">This was the second straight month that all eight sectors, which constitute about 40% of the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), recorded an uptick, after a 14\u00admonth streak of uneven trends.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Provisional core sector output measured by the Index of <strong>Core Industries (ICI)<\/strong> rose 2.5% over July\u2019s level, the first uptick in three months. The core sectors collectively grew 8.4% in July, when IIP growth hit a five\u00ad month high of 5.7%.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Cement output grew 18.9%, the largest uptick since November 2022. Deficient rains also lifted coal production and electricity generation, which grew 17.9% and 14.9%, respectively, their fastest rates of expansion in 14 months.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Steel production rose 10.9%, the slowest pace in a 10\u00admonth streak of double\u00addigit growth, while natural gas output grew 10%, the most since February 2022.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Crude oil output grew 2.1% for the second successive month after a contractionary streak between May 2022 and June 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Fertilizers was the only sector to record the slowest growth in at least a year, rising 1.8% in August.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18226 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/bfa301f6-2ee2-4d4c-b419-ed9fffebb29f-1-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"498\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/bfa301f6-2ee2-4d4c-b419-ed9fffebb29f-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/bfa301f6-2ee2-4d4c-b419-ed9fffebb29f-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/bfa301f6-2ee2-4d4c-b419-ed9fffebb29f-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/bfa301f6-2ee2-4d4c-b419-ed9fffebb29f-1.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\" \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Refresh_basics-3\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif; color: #800000;\"><b>Refresh basics<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>Eight Core Sectors:<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Coal, Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Refinery Products, Fertiliser, Steel, Cement, Electricity<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><b>About:<\/b><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These comprise <\/span><b>40.27% of the weight of items included in the Index of Industrial Production (IIP).<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b style=\"font-size: 1.125rem;\">The eight core sector industries in decreasing order of their weightage:<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Refinery Products&gt; Electricity&gt; Steel&gt; Coal&gt; Crude Oil&gt; Natural Gas&gt; Cement&gt; Fertilizers.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><b>Index of Industrial Production:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">IIP is an indicator that measures the changes in the volume of production of industrial products during a given period.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">It is compiled and published monthly by the Central Statistical Organization (CSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">It is a composite indicator that measures the growth rate of industry groups classified under:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>Broad sectors:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mining, Manufacturing, and Electricity.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>Use-based sectors:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basic Goods, Capital Goods, and Intermediate Goods.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>Base Year for IIP is 2011-2012.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>Significance of IIP:<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify; list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">It is used by government agencies including the Ministry of Finance, the Reserve Bank of India, etc, for policy-making purposes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">IIP remains extremely relevant for the calculation of the quarterly and advance GDP (Gross Domestic Product) estimates.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Urban_Shift_Asia_Forum\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Urban Shift Asia Forum<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 |<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relevant for <strong>Prelims<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18227\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-7-300x300.png\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"842\" height=\"842\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-7-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/1-7-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 842px) 100vw, 842px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><b>Recently, the first Urban Shift Forum (Asia) was held in New Delhi.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">The primary objective was to provide training and capacity-building to regional cities for integrated and sustainable urban development.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>Urban Shift is a Global Environment Facility(GEF)- <\/strong>funded program within Urban Development and the WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities. It is led by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and implemented in partnership with C40 Cities, <strong>International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI), UNDP, Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the World Bank.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pangolins_Hidden_Diversity\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Pangolin&#8217;s Hidden Diversity<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 |<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Relevant for Prelims<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18228\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Pangolins-01-1-1536x864-1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"833\" height=\"469\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Pangolins-01-1-1536x864-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Pangolins-01-1-1536x864-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Pangolins-01-1-1536x864-1-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Pangolins-01-1-1536x864-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Pangolins-01-1-1536x864-1.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 833px) 100vw, 833px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>The Pangolin,<\/strong> an elusive and highly endangered creature often touted as the world&#8217;s most trafficked mammal, has unveiled a hidden secret.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>Previously thought to consist of eight species\u2014<\/strong>four Asian and four African varieties\u2014research has revealed the existence of a ninth pangolin species, provisionally named Manis mysteria.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">This discovery was made through the analysis of scales confiscated from traffickers in China&#8217;s Yunnan province in 2015 and 2019.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>Despite a ban on international trade since 2016,<\/strong> the newly discovered pangolin species is already under pressure, showing signs of declining population, low genetic diversity, inbreeding, and genetic load.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Related_Blogs%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Related Blogs&#8230;<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-29-sep-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18118\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-14-300x226.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 29 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"370\" height=\"279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-14-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-14-1024x770.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-14-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-14-768x578.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-14-1536x1155.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-14-2048x1540.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-14-880x660.jpg 880w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-28-sep-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18048\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-13-300x226.jpg\" alt=\"Daily Current Affairs 28 Sep 2023 | GS | Sociology UPSC | Triumph IAS\" width=\"368\" height=\"277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-13-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-13-1024x770.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-13-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-13-768x578.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-13-1536x1155.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-13-2048x1540.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/DAILY-CURRENT-AFFAIRS-13-880x660.jpg 880w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GS_Related_Practices_Question%E2%80%A6\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>GS Related Practices Question&#8230;<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XKn1NOUcj1o\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OM6Ca_jWD5I\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">To master these intricacies and fare well in the <strong>Sociology Optional Syllabus<\/strong>, aspiring sociologists might benefit from guidance by the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Teacher<\/strong> and participation in the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Coaching<\/strong>. These avenues provide comprehensive assistance, ensuring a solid understanding of sociology&#8217;s diverse methodologies and techniques.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><strong>Current affairs 30 September 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/current-affairs-29-sep-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Current affairs 29 September 2023,<\/a>Today news, Today news GS, Today news upsc, Today news and views, Today news 2023, Today news Current affairs September 2023, Current affairs news, Current affairs book pdf, Current affairs best blog, Current affairs for UPSC, Current affairs 2023, Current affairs contact, Current affairs book, Current affairs program meaning<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-15262\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-300x50.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"822\" height=\"137\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-300x50.jpg 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-1024x171.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-150x25.jpg 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-768x128.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-1536x256.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/7-2-2048x341.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 822px) 100vw, 822px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Choose_The_Best_Sociology_Optional_Teacher_for_IAS_Preparation\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 28px;\">Choose <a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>T<strong>he Best Sociology Optional Teacher <\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/a>for IAS Preparation?<\/span><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">At the beginning of the journey for<strong> Civil Services Examination <\/strong>preparation, many students face a pivotal decision \u2013 selecting their optional subject. Questions such as &#8220;<strong><em>which optional subject is the best?<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; and &#8220;<strong><em>which optional subject is the most scoring?<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; frequently come to mind. Choosing the right optional subject, like choosing the <strong><em>best sociology optional teacher<\/em><\/strong>, is a subjective yet vital step that requires a thoughtful decision based on facts. A misstep in this crucial decision can indeed prove disastrous.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">Ever since the exam pattern was revamped in 2013, the UPSC has eliminated the need for a second optional subject. Now, candidates have to choose only one <strong>optional subject for the UPSC Mains<\/strong>, which has two papers of 250 marks each. One of the compelling choices for many has been the sociology optional. However, it&#8217;s strongly advised to decide on your optional subject for mains well ahead of time to get sufficient time to complete the syllabus. After all, most students score similarly in General Studies Papers; it&#8217;s the score in the optional subject &amp; essay that contributes significantly to the final selection.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 36px;\">\u201c<\/span>A sound strategy does not rely solely on the popular<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><em>Opinion of toppers or famous YouTubers cum teachers.<span style=\"font-size: 36px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">It requires understanding one&#8217;s ability, interest, and the relevance of the subject, not just for the exam but also for life in general. Hence, when selecting the best sociology teacher, one must consider the usefulness of <strong><em>sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> in <strong>General Studies, Essay, and Personality Test.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">The choice of the optional subject should be based on objective criteria, such as the nature, scope, and size of the syllabus, uniformity and stability in the question pattern, relevance of the syllabic content in daily life in society, and the availability of study material and guidance. For example, choosing the <strong><em>best sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> can ensure access to top-quality study materials and experienced teachers. Always remember, the approach of the UPSC optional subject differs from your academic studies of subjects. Therefore, before settling for <strong><em>sociology optional<\/em><\/strong>, you need to analyze the syllabus, previous years&#8217; pattern, subject requirements (be it ideal, visionary, numerical, conceptual theoretical), and your comfort level with the subject.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif; font-size: 20px;\">This decision marks a critical point in your <strong><em>UPSC &#8211; CSE journey<\/em><\/strong>, potentially determining your success in a career in IAS\/Civil Services. Therefore, it&#8217;s crucial to choose wisely, whether it&#8217;s the optional subject or the <strong><em>best sociology optional teacher<\/em><\/strong>. Always base your decision on accurate facts, and never let your emotional biases guide your choices. After all, the search for the <strong><em>best sociology optional coaching<\/em><\/strong> is about finding the perfect fit for your unique academic needs and aspirations.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kt3VeKYqoSs?t=54s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><sup><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/dL85EHfcitw?t=17s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tJcm9G2RwVE\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YXsRAVmvsCE?t=1s\" width=\"350\" height=\"196\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">To master these intricacies and fare well in the <strong>Sociology Optional Syllabus<\/strong>, aspiring sociologists might benefit from guidance by the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Teacher<\/strong> and participation in the <strong>Best Sociology Optional Coaching<\/strong>. These avenues provide comprehensive assistance, ensuring a solid understanding of <strong>sociology&#8217;s<\/strong> diverse methodologies and techniques. <strong>Sociology, Social theory, Best Sociology Optional Teacher, Best Sociology Optional Coaching, Sociology Optional Syllabus.<br \/>\nBest Sociology Optional Teacher, Sociology Syllabus, Sociology Optional, Sociology Optional Coaching, Best Sociology Optional Coaching, Best Sociology Teacher, Sociology Course, Sociology Teacher, Sociology Foundation, Sociology Foundation Course, Sociology Optional UPSC, Sociology for IAS,<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/p9IYaTuS3sA?si=CiiRvqWVd_sdZNlm\" width=\"750\" height=\"421\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><br \/>\nFollow us :<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/triumphias\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/triumphias<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"\ud83d\udd0e www.triumphias.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e www.triumphias.com<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0ehttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/TriumphIAS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udd0e<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/VikashRanjanSociology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/t.me\/VikashRanjanSociology<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Find_More_Blogs\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #808000; font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Find More Blogs<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/compare-and-contrast-karl-marxs-and-max-webers-analysis-of-the-modern-phenomena-of-capitalism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Compare and contrast Karl Marx\u2019s and Max weber\u2019s<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 49.8765%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/karl-marx-historical-materialism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Karl Marx- Historical Materialism<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/talcott-parsons-social-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Talcott Parsons : Social system<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 49.8765%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/scope-of-the-subject-and-comparison-with-other-social-sciences\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Scope of the subject and comparison with other social sciences<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Current Affairs 30 Sep 2023 Today&#8217;s News Kerala Oppn. Appeals to Governor to deny assent to former CJ\u2019s appointment as<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18207,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[123,995,18,73,7,42,15,844,1038,223,43,1,5259],"tags":[8200,8515,8198,8202,8197,8201,8199,8196,8203,8190,8194,8193,8195,8191,8192],"class_list":["post-18203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","category-current-affairs-international","category-general-studies-ii","category-general-studies-iv","category-general-studies-i","category-general-studies-iii-technology-economic-development-bio-diversity-environment-security-and-disaster-management","category-geography","category-gs","category-gs-mains","category-gs-revision-series","category-indian-economy","category-miscellaneous","category-upsc-history-blogs","tag-current-affairs-2023","tag-current-affairs-30-sep-2023","tag-current-affairs-best-blog","tag-current-affairs-book","tag-current-affairs-book-pdf","tag-current-affairs-contact","tag-current-affairs-for-upsc","tag-current-affairs-news","tag-current-affairs-program-meaning","tag-today-news","tag-today-news-2023","tag-today-news-and-views","tag-today-news-current-affairs-september-2023","tag-today-news-gs","tag-today-news-upsc"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18203","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18203"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18203\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18707,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18203\/revisions\/18707"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18203"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}