{"id":13099,"date":"2022-04-25T11:36:03","date_gmt":"2022-04-25T06:06:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=13099"},"modified":"2025-02-21T13:36:37","modified_gmt":"2025-02-21T08:06:37","slug":"social-stratification","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/social-stratification\/","title":{"rendered":"Social Stratification"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><mark><strong>UPSC-Civil Services Exam-IAS<\/strong><\/mark><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><mark><strong>SOCIOLOGY For IAS VALUE ADDITION NOTES<\/strong><\/mark><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Social_Stratification\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Social Stratification<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relevant_for_Sociology_Optional_Paper-I\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">(Relevant for Sociology Optional Paper-I)<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >What's Inside this Blog!<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/social-stratification\/#Social_Stratification\" title=\"Social Stratification\">Social Stratification<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/social-stratification\/#Relevant_for_Sociology_Optional_Paper-I\" title=\"(Relevant for Sociology Optional Paper-I)\">(Relevant for Sociology Optional Paper-I)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/social-stratification\/#Scope_of_Sociology\" title=\"Scope of Sociology\">Scope of Sociology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/social-stratification\/#Two_Schools_of_Thought\" title=\"Two Schools of Thought\">Two Schools of Thought<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/social-stratification\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-25947 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Untitled-design-23.png\" alt=\"Social Stratification by Vikash Ranjan sir at Triumph IAS, UPSC Sociology Optional\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Untitled-design-23.png 1080w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Untitled-design-23-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Untitled-design-23-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Untitled-design-23-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Untitled-design-23-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Scope_of_Sociology\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Scope of Sociology<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Sociology is such a wide-ranging science that it is hard to define where its boundaries start and end. There are two main viewpoints among sociologists regarding the scope of sociology: the <strong>Specialistic (or Formalistic) School<\/strong> and the <strong>Synthetic School<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Two_Schools_of_Thought\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Two Schools of Thought<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Specialistic or Formalistic School<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Headed by German sociologist Simmel, this school includes Max Weber, Small, Vierkandt, Von Wiese, and Tonnies. They see sociology as a pure, independent field, looking into specific aspects of human relationships.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Focus on Forms:<\/strong> Sociology should focus on the &#8216;forms&#8217; of social relationships (like competition, division of labor) rather than their content.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Max Weber&#8217;s Interpretation:<\/strong> Sociology aims to interpret social behavior, but not all human interactions are social. Sociology analyzes and classifies social relationship types.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-25946 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Max_Weber_1918.jpg\" alt=\"Max Weber by Vikash Ranjan at Triumph IAS, UPSC Sociology Optional\" width=\"1169\" height=\"1600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Max_Weber_1918.jpg 1169w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Max_Weber_1918-219x300.jpg 219w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Max_Weber_1918-748x1024.jpg 748w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Max_Weber_1918-110x150.jpg 110w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Max_Weber_1918-768x1051.jpg 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Max_Weber_1918-1122x1536.jpg 1122w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1169px) 100vw, 1169px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Vierkandt Perspective:<\/strong> Sociology deals with the mental or psychic relationships linking people in society. It should focus on discovering fundamental forces of change and persistence, not the historical study of concrete society.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Limited Scope:<\/strong> Small, von Wiese, and Tonnies believe sociology has a limited scope and doesn&#8217;t study all societal activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Criticisms of the Formalistic School<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Narrow Scope:<\/strong> It restricts sociology to studying abstract forms. Sociology should study both the general forms of social relationships and their concrete contents.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Overlapping Disciplines<\/strong>: Political science, international law, and economics also study social relationships.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Impractical &#8220;Pure Sociology&#8221;:<\/strong> No sociologist has created a pure sociology, and social sciences cannot be studied in isolation. An interdisciplinary approach is needed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Abstract vs. Concrete:<\/strong> Social forms cannot be separated from their content because social forms change as the contents change.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Shrinking the Scope:<\/strong> This school of thought has extremely reduced the scope of sociology.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Synthetic School<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">This school aims to make sociology a synthesis of social sciences, not a pure discipline. Key figures include Durkheim, Hobhouse, Sorokin, and Morsi Ginsberg.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Durkheim&#8217;s Divisions:<\/strong> Sociology has three divisions: social morphology (the geographical basis of people&#8217;s lives), social physiology (sociology of religion, morals, law, etc.), and general sociology (formulates general laws).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Sorokin&#8217;s View:<\/strong> Sociology studies the relationships between different aspects of social phenomena, between social and non-social elements, and the general features of social phenomena.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Hobhouse&#8217;s View:<\/strong> Sociologists should study the social field, connect the results from different social sciences, and interpret social life as a whole.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>Ginsberg&#8217;s View:<\/strong> Sociology studies social morphology (population characteristics, social structure), social control (customs, traditions, religion), social processes (cooperation, competition, conflict), and social pathology (poverty, crime).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Conclusion<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Sociology&#8217;s scope is vast, as it is both a general and specialized science. While the subject matter of all social sciences is society, their perspectives differentiate them. Sociology uniquely studies social relationships and society itself, including social traditions, processes, morphology, control, pathology, and the effects of extra-social elements on social relationships. It is neither possible nor necessary to limit sociology&#8217;s scope.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"amp-wp-303d451\" data-amp-original-style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">To Read more topics like Social Stratification <\/span><span class=\"amp-wp-303d451\" data-amp-original-style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">in Public Posts, visit:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?amp=1\">www.triumphias.com\/blogs<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1ywRbMCi491vIRg5IbZCqyn5nhS-7izf8\/view\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-25914 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Download-Full-notes-on-this.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1100\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Download-Full-notes-on-this.png 1100w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Download-Full-notes-on-this-300x55.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Download-Full-notes-on-this-1024x186.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Download-Full-notes-on-this-150x27.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Download-Full-notes-on-this-768x140.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1100px) 100vw, 1100px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"V8aCJbdNyC\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/make-in-india-story-of-success-and-challenges\/\">Make in India: Story of Success and Challenges | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Make in India: Story of Success and Challenges | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional&#8221; &#8212; TriumphIAS\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/make-in-india-story-of-success-and-challenges\/embed\/#?secret=RWuJsD4bce#?secret=V8aCJbdNyC\" data-secret=\"V8aCJbdNyC\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"GBV2o3tqJi\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/potential-of-indian-logistics-sector\/\">Potential of Indian logistics sector | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Potential of Indian logistics sector | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional&#8221; &#8212; TriumphIAS\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/potential-of-indian-logistics-sector\/embed\/#?secret=l6K7Wt8714#?secret=GBV2o3tqJi\" data-secret=\"GBV2o3tqJi\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>UPSC-Civil Services Exam-IAS SOCIOLOGY For IAS VALUE ADDITION NOTES Social Stratification (Relevant for Sociology Optional Paper-I) Scope of Sociology Sociology<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12877,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1033,114,1030,1029,1028,1032,1026,115,116,1034,1027,1031,1061],"tags":[1300,6006,3212,1640,3106,4348,1918,1217,4280],"class_list":["post-13099","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-best-optional-sociology","category-sociology-optional","category-sociology-civils","category-sociology-ias","category-sociology-mains","category-sociology-mains-ias","category-sociology-optional-sociology-optional","category-sociology-optional-paper-i","category-sociology-optional-paper-ii","category-sociology-scoring-optional","category-sociology-upsc","category-sociology-upsc-mains","category-sociology-value-addition-notes","tag-caste-system","tag-class-system","tag-economic-disparity","tag-inequality","tag-social-class","tag-social-hierarchy","tag-social-mobility","tag-social-stratification","tag-wealth-distribution"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13099","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13099"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13099\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25949,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13099\/revisions\/25949"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13099"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13099"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13099"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}