{"id":12598,"date":"2021-09-06T15:02:34","date_gmt":"2021-09-06T09:32:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?p=12598"},"modified":"2025-02-21T12:29:07","modified_gmt":"2025-02-21T06:59:07","slug":"sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/","title":{"rendered":"Sociology: The significant trends in the modern family"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sociology_The_significant_trends_in_the_modern_family\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Sociology: The significant trends in the modern family<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relevant_For_Sociology_Optional_UPSC\"><\/span><span style=\"background-color: #ffffff; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>(Relevant For Sociology Optional UPSC)\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >What's Inside this Blog!<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#Sociology_The_significant_trends_in_the_modern_family\" title=\"Sociology: The significant trends in the modern family\">Sociology: The significant trends in the modern family<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#Relevant_For_Sociology_Optional_UPSC\" title=\"(Relevant For Sociology Optional UPSC)\u00a0\">(Relevant For Sociology Optional UPSC)\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#Introduction\" title=\"Introduction\">Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#1_Decreased_Control_of_the_Marriage_Contract\" title=\"(1) Decreased Control of the Marriage Contract:\">(1) Decreased Control of the Marriage Contract:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#2_Changes_in_Relationship_of_Man_and_Woman\" title=\"(2) Changes in Relationship of Man and Woman:\">(2) Changes in Relationship of Man and Woman:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#3_Reduced_Size_of_Family\" title=\"(3) Reduced Size of\u00a0Family:\">(3) Reduced Size of\u00a0Family:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#4_Decline_of_Religious_Control\" title=\"(4) Decline of Religious\u00a0Control:\">(4) Decline of Religious\u00a0Control:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#5_Filo_Centric_Family\" title=\"(5) Filo Centric\u00a0Family:\">(5) Filo Centric\u00a0Family:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#6_Parent_Youth_Conflict\" title=\"(6) Parent Youth Conflict:\">(6) Parent Youth Conflict:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#7_Separation_of_Non-Essential_Functions\" title=\"(7) Separation of Non-Essential\u00a0Functions:\">(7) Separation of Non-Essential\u00a0Functions:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/sociology-the-significant-trends-in-the-modern-family\/#Read_more_Blogs\" title=\"Read more Blogs:\">Read more Blogs:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-25938 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-design-21.png\" alt=\"Sociology: Significant Trends in the Modern Family by Vikash Ranjan sir at Triumph IAS, UPSC sociology optional \" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-design-21.png 1080w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-design-21-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-design-21-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-design-21-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-design-21-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Introduction<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Family structures of some kind are found in every society. Pairing off into formal or informal marital relationships originated in hunter-gatherer groups to forge networks of cooperation beyond the immediate family. Intermarriage between groups, tribes, or clans was often political or strategic and resulted in reciprocal obligations between the two groups represented by the marital partners. Even so, marital dissolution was not a serious problem as the obligations resting on marital longevity were not particularly high.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-25939 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Modern-Family-Dynamics.png\" alt=\"Modern Family Dynamics by Vikash Ranjan sir at Triumph IAS, UPSC Sociology Optional \" width=\"1644\" height=\"1029\" srcset=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Modern-Family-Dynamics.png 1644w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Modern-Family-Dynamics-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Modern-Family-Dynamics-1024x641.png 1024w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Modern-Family-Dynamics-150x94.png 150w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Modern-Family-Dynamics-768x481.png 768w, https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Modern-Family-Dynamics-1536x961.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1644px) 100vw, 1644px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Decreased_Control_of_the_Marriage_Contract\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>(1) Decreased Control of the Marriage Contract:<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Marriage is the basis of family. In traditional family the marriage was settled by the parents. The marriage ceremony was based on the principle of male dominance and female obedience. In modern family people is less subject to the parental control regarding marital affairs. The marriage is now settled by the partners themselves. It is the choice of mate by mate usually preceded by courtship or falling in love.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Today more stress is being laid on romantic love but love is no more sacramental now. Marriage also has become a civil contract rather than a religious sacrament. It can be dissolved easily at any time as it is settled by mutual consent of the partner. The authority of religion over the conditions of marriage has markedly declined. Divorce, desertion and separation are frequent occurrence in modern family where as it was rare phenomenon in traditional family.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Changes_in_Relationship_of_Man_and_Woman\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>(2) Changes in Relationship of Man and Woman:<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">In modern family the woman is not the devotee of man but an equal partner in life with equal rights. The husband does not dictate but only requests to the wife to do a task for him. She is now emancipated of the man\u2019s slavery. She can divorce her husband as the husband can divorce her.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Democratic ideas have provided equality and liberty to even women too. As a result women are not playing domestic role but also economic and political roles. They have now become property owners and business managers. They have right to vote and can actively participate in politics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">They are now liberated from the chains of traditionalism and they are now able enough to move from kitchen to cabinet. They stand on an equal footing with men. Aggressive leaders of the women\u2019s liberation movement have attacked the standard of morality. They are demanding more rights and liberty in the family, society as well as in the country.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Due to the employment opportunity the women has become an earning member of the family, free to work in offices, factories, banks and schools etc. This economic independence has increased her status but has affected her attitude in the family as well as in society.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Reduced_Size_of_Family\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>(3) Reduced Size of\u00a0Family:<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Due to industrialization and urbanisation the family size has been reduced and parents no longer desire more children rather develop a tendency to have a smaller family with the help of modern contraceptives. So the reproductive function of modern family has suffered a setback. However the very survival of the human race is based on reproduction.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Decline_of_Religious_Control\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>(4) Decline of Religious\u00a0Control:<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The modern family is secular in attitude. The religious rites of the traditional family such as early prayer, yogya etc. are no longer performed in modern family. The elders do not read spiritual books such as Ramayana, Bhagabata rather they watch T.V. They are not interested to celebrate any religious festivals. Religious sentiments, beliefs and attitudes have come to be disassociated with the family.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Filo_Centric_Family\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>(5) Filo Centric\u00a0Family:<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">In the modern family the trend is towards the filo centric family, where the wishes of children determine the policy of the family. The social control activities of family over children have been lessened as physical punishment is rarely awarded to children.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Parent_Youth_Conflict\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>(6) Parent Youth Conflict:<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Inter-personal conflicts in the family are increasing. An unusual amount of conflict between parents and their adolescent children are taking place. Kingsley Davis says, \u201cThe stress and strain in our culture is symptomatic of the functionless instability of the modern small family.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Separation_of_Non-Essential_Functions\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><strong>(7) Separation of Non-Essential\u00a0Functions:<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The modern family has given up many functions which were performed by the traditional family. Educational, procreation and care of sick persons functions have been shifted to certain external agencies like hospitals, maternity homes, nurseries kindergarten and schools etc. Apart from it the family is no longer an economic unit. More families rely upon prepared and manufactured goods for consumption.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Movies, clubs, gambling centres provide recreation to people. People leave home for commercialized recreation centre, which has affected the cohesion of family. Protective functions of family have also declined. Families are no more the place of protection for the physically handicapped, mentally retarded, aged, diseased, infirm and insane people. Other agencies have taken over this function. But for the young children it continues to provide physical and emotional protection.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Thus the family has been subjected to profound modifications of an economic, social and biological nature. The size and functions of the family have been reduced. It has suffered a change in regard to both its structure and functions. Its functions have been taken over by several specialized agencies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">The modern family is more individualized and democratic where women enjoy a high prestige and position and children enjoy more independence as well. From an institution it has moved towards companionship. Many sociologists have expressed their grave concern regarding the rapid changes that are taking place in it. Some have said that \u201cFamily has gone to the digs.\u201d While some others lamented that family is leading towards disorganization. But it would be more appropriate to say that it is merely seeking to adopt itself to changed conditions.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\"><span class=\"amp-wp-303d451\" data-amp-original-style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">To Read more topics like Sociology: The significant trends in the modern family<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"amp-wp-303d451\" data-amp-original-style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">in Public Posts, visit:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/?amp=1\">www.triumphias.com\/blogs<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Read_more_Blogs\"><\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">Read more Blogs:<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"OiyJNLHUyC\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/criminalizing-marital-rape\/\">Criminalizing Marital Rape | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Criminalizing Marital Rape | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional&#8221; &#8212; TriumphIAS\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/criminalizing-marital-rape\/embed\/#?secret=HWAyk0RMOb#?secret=OiyJNLHUyC\" data-secret=\"OiyJNLHUyC\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"oV23FO2NrY\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/mentorship-programme-ias-skool\/\">Mentorship Programme @ IAS Skool | Ethics for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Mentorship Programme @ IAS Skool | Ethics for UPSC Civil Services Examination | Triumph IAS&#8221; &#8212; TriumphIAS\" src=\"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/mentorship-programme-ias-skool\/embed\/#?secret=su1PVYbwzP#?secret=oV23FO2NrY\" data-secret=\"oV23FO2NrY\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sociology: The significant trends in the modern family (Relevant For Sociology Optional UPSC)\u00a0 Introduction Family structures of some kind are<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11844,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11068],"tags":[11253,5922,3815,11251,11252,1531,540,11254],"class_list":["post-12598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sociology-daily-dose","tag-contemporary-family","tag-family-dynamics","tag-family-structure","tag-modern-family-trends","tag-parenting-roles","tag-social-change","tag-sociology","tag-sociology-research"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12598","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12598"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12598\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25940,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12598\/revisions\/25940"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12598"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12598"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/triumphias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12598"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}