Influence of Attitudes on Behaviour
(Relevant for Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude)
Multiple research studies have indicated that attitudes can indeed influence behavior. In fact, earlier definitions of attitudes primarily focused on behavior. For instance, Allport described attitudes as inclinations or predispositions to act in specific ways within social contexts.
However, more recent research suggests that the degree of influence that attitudes have on behavior is contingent upon certain factors. These factors play a crucial role in determining the extent to which attitudes shape behavior. The following are some of the key factors that determine the level of influence that attitudes exert on behavior:
Cognitive Dissonance
Cognitive dissonance refers to the psychological strain or unease that arises when an individual simultaneously holds two or more contradictory beliefs, ideas, or values. It can also occur when someone engages in an action that contradicts one or more of their beliefs, ideas, or values. Additionally, cognitive dissonance can arise when individuals encounter new information that conflicts with their existing beliefs, ideas, or values. When confronted with such inconsistencies, individuals tend to experience psychological discomfort and are motivated to alleviate this dissonance. They may actively avoid situations and information that could intensify it.
Social Psychology
Social influence is a prominent subject in social psychology that explores how individuals’ thoughts, actions, and emotions are shaped by social groups. Studies in the field of social influence examine how external factors can impact behavior, whether at the group level or for individuals in specific situations. Scholars have identified different ways in which individuals respond to social influences, as defined by Professor Herbert Kelman, a renowned expert in this field.
One response to social influence is ‘compliance,’ which may involve appearing to agree with others in a social setting while not being fully convinced internally. For example, if two people are engaged in a conversation and one makes a racist comment, while the other is offended but chooses to remain silent, this can be seen as a form of compliance to maintain a semblance of agreement.
Another response is ‘identification,’ where individuals align themselves with an influential person they admire from a distance or know closely. For instance, someone who solely follows the fashion advice of a supermodel in their wardrobe choices is expressing identification. On the other hand, individuals may ‘internalize’ the belief systems of others, integrating those beliefs into their own. In the previous example, if both conversing individuals express racist statements, it indicates that they share a common belief system, regardless of its repugnance, and have moved beyond mere compliance.
Another perspective on social influence is to consider the factors that influence the behavior of an average person. This includes the influence of one’s family, their beliefs, and the structure of their family. As individuals progress into adulthood, other factors come into play. The behavior of peers, for example, can have a significant impact on an individual’s choices and actions.
The values most commonly associated with public service are:
- Honesty and ethical conduct
- Impartiality and fairness
- Adherence to the rule of law
- Diligence and commitment
- Responsiveness to the needs of others
- Respect for individuals and their rights
- Efficiency and effectiveness in work
- Accountability for actions and decisions
These values form the foundation of public service and guide the behavior and actions of public servants. They emphasize the importance of honesty, fairness, and integrity in carrying out their duties. Public servants are expected to uphold the rule of law, demonstrate dedication and hard work, be responsive to the needs of the public, treat individuals with respect and dignity, strive for efficiency and effectiveness in their work, and be accountable for their actions. These values contribute to the overall integrity and professionalism of the public service.
To master these intricacies and fare well in the Sociology Optional Syllabus, aspiring sociologists might benefit from guidance by the Best Sociology Optional Teacher and participation in the Best Sociology Optional Coaching. These avenues provide comprehensive assistance, ensuring a solid understanding of sociology’s diverse methodologies and techniques.
Best Sociology Optional Teacher, Best Sociology Optional Coaching, Sociology Optional Syllabus, Attitudes, Behavior, Cognitive Dissonance, Social Influence, Social Psychology, Public Service, Core Values, Compliance, Identification, Internalization, Ethical Conduct, Accountability
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