Relevance: Prelims: Science and technology
Why in news?
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), an autonomous institute under the Department of Science and Technology, has developed a starch-based ‘hemostat’ material that concentrates the natural clotting factors in blood by physically absorbing excess fluid.
About:
- Hemostat materials absorb excel fluid by concentrating the natural clotting factors in the blood that are critical for stopping the blood flow; however, the bleeding can restart when non-biodegradable materials are removed.
- By chemically modifying natural starch to form microparticles, researchers have combined the advantages of biocompatibility and biodegradability with a five- to ten-fold increase in fluid absorption and much-improved adhesion.
- When the microparticles combine, they create an adherent gel that can remain on the wound until slowly dissipating as healing proceeds. The microparticles are prepared by modifying some of the chemical hydroxyl groups on starch to carboxymethyl groups while also incorporating the beneficial calcium ions.
- The biodegradable microparticles that combine to form a gel on a wound offer significant improvements over existing alternatives.
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