Pressure groups | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional

Pressure groups | Sociology Optional Coaching | Vikash Ranjan Classes | Triumph IAS | UPSC Sociology Optional

Triumphias: https://triumphias.com/sociology-offline.php

When considering the array of 51 optional subjects for the UPSC Mains Examination, Sociology consistently stands out as a top choice. Its inherent appeal lies in its accessibility and intriguing exploration of humanity and society, catering even to students from  Science and Commerce backgrounds. With a well-defined UPSC sociology syllabus comprising only 13 units, Sociology can be comprehensively covered within 5 to 6 Month Comprehensive “Foundation to Finale” Classroom Programme , Many of Our Sociology Foundation Course Students have Cleared CSE 2023- Kajal Singh, First Attempt (Age 22) Mahi Sharma, First Mains (Age 23), Anand Sharma First Mains and Many Others. Previously also Many students like IAS Pradeep Singh, IAS Ashish, IPS Bindu Madhav, IPS Aparna Gautam, IPS Shahnaz Illyas got Success in CSE in First Attempt with Sociology Optional.

IAS Medha Anand, has get 310 marks in her optional subject sociology, 156 in paper – 1 &  154 marks in Paper -2 in CSE 2023. Notably, Sociology for UPSC has garnered a reputation as one of the Highest scoring optional subjects in the UPSC Main Examination, with numerous candidates consistently achieving 300+. Its popularity is evident in the fact that a significant proportion of top 100 rankers opt for Sociology as their optional subject, showcasing its high scoring potential, particularly for those not from sociology backgrounds. Moreover, relevance of Sociology Optional Syllabus for UPSC extends beyond the examination hall, enriching understanding across various aspects of life, from social and economic to political and cultural domains. In recent times, Sociology Optional has gained traction, aligning with the evolving trend of the UPSC Mains towards conceptual analysis. Unlike other optional subjects with unpredictable question patterns, Sociology offers stability and predictability, making it an attractive choice. This adaptability, coupled with its concise syllabus and relevance to both academic and social spheres, positions Sociology as the ideal optional subject for engineers as well as optional subject for commerce graduates and optional subject for  science graduates seeking success in the Civil Services Examination. For those pursuing Sociology as an optional subject, accessing comprehensive Sociology optional notes and few good Sociology optional books, and previous years’ UPSC sociology optional question papers is pivotal for thorough preparation. Additionally, for aspirants seeking guidance, renowned  educator Vikash Ranjan Sir at TRIUMPH IAS coaching institutes in Delhi, offer valuable support and resources. Vikash Ranjan Sir is the Best Sociology Teacher and Triumph IAS is the
best sociology coaching in Delhi. If you are away from Old Rajendra Nagar, Delhi, you can still complete Journey of UPSC civil service preparation through online Sociology class The scientific nature of Sociology, coupled with its direct applicability to daily social interactions, renders it a subject that can be comprehended without extensive reference materials, distinguishing it from other optional subjects requiring extensive reading and research.

Pressure groups

Relevant for Civil Services Examination
Paper-2, Unit-13 [Politics and Society
]

Pressure groups

Pressure Group is any group that attempts to influence legislative or governing institutions on behalf of its own special interests or interests of a larger public that it represents. They influence Governments decision in their favour without participating in politics as such. It acts as a liaison between government and its members.

  1. Prof Finer characterized them as anonymous empires. To Lambert these are unofficial government which implies that no government can run without them into consideration.It organizes itself around a common interest, of a section of population.
  2. There are protective pressure groups, i.e., those protecting the interest of the group like FICCI.
  3. On the other hand promotional pressure groups tries to promote their interest like caste association, trade unions etc.
  4. Pressures group act behind the seen as they do not try to capture power. They support their candidate, parties in elections to ensure winning candidate backed by them represent their interest in related bodies. They give collective expression to the groups demand and also ensure thatthe demand should be met. They change their political alliance quickly as to suit their conditions.
  5. Pressure group’s demands can be functional or dysfunctional for society. Presences of anomic pressure groups like terrorist organizations have negative impact Thus it can be said that presence of pressure group shows pluralism in political system which can be functional as well as dysfunctional.

Role of pressure groups in democracy

  1. According to Anthony Giddens, pressure groups are the carriers of democracy. With the increase in industrialization division of labour also increases, thus emerged various sections with specialized interest But modern democracy demands harmonization of interest due to which minority or sectional interest tend to get ignored Pressure groups represent this interest
  2. Its presence shows existence of pluralism making power dispersed and decentralized into the political system.
  3. Pressure groups also aggregate and articulate interest, thus making government aware of public opinion and interest and working for them.
  4. The participation of all sections in governance is indirectly achieved
  5. Pressure groups can work in anonymity out of the glare of public. So they may provide public censure.
  6. They may use imitative, educative, non-formal methods to protect and promote their interests.

But in modern democracy they can be dysfunctional too, as by representing sectional interest at times other interests gets marginalized It may be possible that sectional interest goes contrary to national interest. Certain economic pressure groups have also emerged using illegal methods e.g. terrorists organizations. Thus, being inevitable phenomena in democracy pressure groups have strengthened and weakened democracy side by side.

There are many pressure groups in India. But, they are not developed to the same extent as in the US or the western countries like Britain, France, and Germany and so on. The pressure groups in India can be broadly classified into the following categories.

  1. Business Groups: The business groups include a large number of industrial and commercial bodies.They are then most sophisticated the most powerful and the largest of all pressure groups in India.They include:
    • Federation of Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), major constituents are the Indian Merchants Chamber of Bombay Indian Merchants Chamber of Calcutta and South Indian Chamber of Commerce of Madras. It broadly represents major industrial and trading interest.
    • Associated Chamber of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM), major constituents are the Bengal Chamber of Commerce of Calcutta and Central Commercial Organization of Delhi.
    • Federation of All India Foodgrain Dealers Association (FAIFDA). FAIFDA is the sole representative of the grain dealers.
    • All India Manufacturers Organization (AIMO). AIMO raises the concerns of the medium-sized industry.
  2. Trade Unions: The trade unions voice the demands of the industrial workers. They are also known as labour groups. A peculiar feature of trade union of India is that they are associated either directly or indirectly with different political parties. They include:
    • All India Trade Union Congress (INTUC) – affiliated to the CPI;
    • Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC) – affiliated to the Congress (1);
    • Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS) – affiliated to the CPM, and
    • Hind Mazdoor Parishad (HMP) – affiliated to the BJP.
  3. Agrarian Groups: The agrarian groups represent the farmers and the agricultural labour class. They
    include :

    • Bharatiya Kisan Union (under the leadership of Mahendra Singh Tikait, in the wheat belt of North India)
    • All Indian Kisan Sabha (the oldest and the largest agrarian group)
    • Revolutionary Peasants Convention (organized by the CPM in 1967 which gave birth to the Naxalbari Movement)
    • Bharatiya Kisan Sangh (Gujarat)
    • R.V.Sangham (led by CN Naidu in Tamil Nadu)
    • Hind Kisan Panchayat (controlled by the Socialists)
    • All India Kisan Sammelan (led by Raj Narain)
    • United Kisan Sabha (controlled by the CPM)
  4. Professional Associations: These are associations that raise the concerns and demands of doctors, lawyers, journalists and teachers. Despite various restrictions, these associations pressurize the government by various methods including agitations for the improvement of their service conditions. They include:
    • Indian Medical Association (IMA).
    • Bar Council of India (BCI)
    • Indian Federation of Working Journalists (IFWJ)
    • Progressive Students University and College Teachers (AIFUCT).
  5. Student Organizations: Various unions have been formed to represent the student community. However, these unions, like the trade unions, are also affiliated to various political parties. These are:
    • Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP) (affiliated to BJP)
    • All India Students Federation (AISE) (affiliated to CPI)
    • National Students Union of India (NSUI) (affiliated to Congress (I))
    • Progressive Students Union (PSU) (affiliated to CPM).
  6. Religious Organizations: The organizations based on religion have come to play an important role in Indian politics. They represent the narrow communal interest. They include:
    • Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh (RSS)
    • Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP)
    • Jamaat-e-Islami
    • Ittehad-ul-Mussalmeen
    • Anglo-India Association
    • Associations of the Roman Catholics
    • All-India Conference of India Christians
    • Parsi Central Associations
    • Shiromani Akali Dal.
      “TheShiromani Akali Dal should be regarded as more of religious pressure groups than a political party in view of the fact that it has been concerned more with the mission of saving the Sikh community from being absorbed into the ocean of Hindu society than with fighting for the cause of a Sikh homeland”.
  7. Caste Groups: Like religion, caste has been an important factor in Indian politics. The competitive politics in many states of the Indian Union is in fact the politics of caste rivalries: Brahmin versus Non-Brahmin in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra, Rajputs versus Jat in Rajasthan, Kainmas versus Reddy in Andhra, Ahir versus Jat in Haryana, Baniya Brahmin versus Patidars in Gujarat, Kayastha versus Rajputs in Bihar, Nair versus Ezhavas in Kerala and Lingayats versus Okkaligas in Karnataka. Some in the caste-based organizations are:
    • Nadar Caste Association in Tamil Nadu
    • Marwari Association
    • Harijan Sevak Sangh
    • Kshatriya Maha Sabha in Gujarat
    • Vanniyakul Kshatriya Sangham
    • Kayastha Sabha.
  8. Tribal Organizations: The tribal organizations are active in MP, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, Jharkhand West Bengal and the North Eastern States of Assam, Manipur, and Nagaland and so on. Their demands range from reforms to that of secession from India and some of them are involved in insurgency activities. The tribal organizations include:
    • National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN)
    • Tribal National Volunteers (TNU) in Tripura
    • People’s Liberation Army in Manipur
    • All-India Jharkhand
    • Tribal Sangh of Assam
    • United Mizo Federal Organization.
  9. Linguistic Groups: Language has been so important factor in Indian politics that it became the main basis for the reorganization of states. The language along with caste, religion and tribe has been responsible for the emergence of political parties as well as pressure groups. Some of the linguistic groups are :
    • Tamil Sangh
    • Anjuman Tarrak-i-Urdu
    • Andhra Maha Sabha
    • Hindi Sahitya Sammelan
    • Nagarik Pracharani Sabha
    • Dakshina Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha.
  10. Ideology Based Groups: In more recent times, the pressure groups are formed to pursue a particular ideology, i.e., a cause, a principle or a programme. These groups include:
    • Environmental protection groups like Narmada Bachao Andolan and Chipko Movement
    • Democratic rights organizations
    • Civil liberties associations
    • Gandhi Peace Foundation
    • Woman rights organizations.
  11. Anomic Groups: Almond and Powell observed: “By anomic pressure groups we mean more or less a spontaneous breakthrough into the political system from the society such as riots, demonstrations, associations and bureaucratic elite, over-whelmed bythe problem of economic development and scarcity of resources available to them, inevitably acquires a technocratic and anti-political frame of mind, particularistic demands of whatever kinds are denied legitimacy. As a consequence interest groups are alienated from the political system”. Some of the anomic pressure groups are:
    • All India Sikh Student’s Federation
    • Nava Nirman Samiti of Gujarat
    • Naxalite Groups
    • Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF)
    • All Assam Student’s Union
    • United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA)
    • Dal Khalsa.

The End of the Blog: Pressure Group

Next Topic-

Political Parties

Social and political elites

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After Class Doubts Session of Students
with Vikash Ranjan Sir

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Discover effective strategies on how to prepare for sociology optional without coaching, including insights on the best coaching for sociology optional in Delhi. Explore options for sociology optional coaching, both online and offline. Learn how to do sociology optional without coaching and find the best sociology optional coaching institutes in Delhi and Chennai. Get answers on whether one can prepare sociology optional without coaching and access valuable information on sociology optional coaching for UPSC and UPPSC exams. Uncover the top-rated sociology optional coaching through Quora discussions and enhance your preparation for sociology optional with expert advice. Discover effective strategies on how to prepare for sociology optional without coaching, including insights on the best coaching for sociology optional in Delhi. Explore options for sociology optional coaching, both online and offline. Learn how to do sociology optional without coaching and find the best sociology optional coaching institutes in Delhi and Chennai. Get answers on whether one can prepare sociology optional without coaching and access valuable information on sociology optional coaching for UPSC and UPPSC exams. Uncover the top-rated sociology optional coaching through Quora discussions and enhance your preparation for sociology optional with expert advice. Discover effective strategies on how to prepare for sociology optional without coaching, including insights on the best coaching for sociology optional in Delhi. Explore options for sociology optional coaching, both online and offline. Learn how to do sociology optional without coaching and find the best sociology optional coaching institutes in Delhi and Chennai. Get answers on whether one can prepare sociology optional without coaching and access valuable information on sociology optional coaching for UPSC and UPPSC exams. Uncover the top-rated sociology optional coaching through Quora discussions and enhance your preparation for sociology optional with expert advice.
Discover effective strategies on how to prepare for sociology optional without coaching, including insights on the best coaching for sociology optional in Delhi. Explore options for sociology optional coaching, both online and offline. Learn how to do sociology optional without coaching and find the best sociology optional coaching institutes in Delhi and Chennai. Get answers on whether one can prepare sociology optional without coaching and access valuable information on sociology optional coaching for UPSC and UPPSC exams. Uncover the top-rated sociology optional coaching through Quora discussions and enhance your preparation for sociology optional with expert advice. Discover effective strategies on how to prepare for sociology optional without coaching, including insights on the best coaching for sociology optional in Delhi. Explore options for sociology optional coaching, both online and offline. Learn how to do sociology optional without coaching and find the best sociology optional coaching institutes in Delhi and Chennai. Get answers on whether one can prepare sociology optional without coaching and access valuable information on sociology optional coaching for UPSC and UPPSC exams. Uncover the top-rated sociology optional coaching through Quora discussions and enhance your preparation for sociology optional with expert advice. Discover effective strategies on how to prepare for sociology optional without coaching, including insights on the best coaching for sociology optional in Delhi. Explore options for sociology optional coaching, both online and offline. Learn how to do sociology optional without coaching and find the best sociology optional coaching institutes in Delhi and Chennai. Get answers on whether one can prepare sociology optional without coaching and access valuable information on sociology optional coaching for UPSC and UPPSC exams. Uncover the top-rated sociology optional coaching through Quora discussions and enhance your preparation for sociology optional with expert advice.

Frequently Asked Questions by
UPSC Sociology Optional Students

  1. How to prepare for the Sociology Optional without coaching?
  • Understand the syllabus thoroughly: Familiarize yourself with the entire syllabus for both Paper I and Paper II. Download the official UPSC syllabus and use it as your roadmap. You can attend Sociology Orientation Lectures by Vikash Ranjan sir  on YouTube
  • Build a strong foundation: Start with introductory textbooks and NCERT books to grasp core sociological concepts. You can start with Introduction to Sociology books
  • Choose reliable study materials: Select high-quality textbooks, reference books, and online resources recommended by experts. You can opt for Vikash Ranjan Sir Notes too.
  • Develop a study schedule: Create a realistic and consistent study schedule that allocates dedicated time for each topic. Stick to it and track your progress.
  • Take notes effectively: Don’t just passively read. Summarize key points, create mind maps, or use other note-taking techniques to aid understanding and revision.
  • Practice answer writing: Regularly write answers to past year question papers and model questions. Focus on clarity, structure, and critical thinking. Evaluate your answers for improvement.
  • Seek guidance: You can take free Mentorship on Sociology Optional preparation by Vikash Ranjan sir. Connect with Vikash Ranjan sir (7303615329) to share strategies, ask questions, and stay motivated.  
  1. Can I prepare for Sociology Optional without coaching?

Absolutely! Many aspirants successfully clear the exam through self-study. However coaching can provide structure and guidance, for time bound preparation.

  1. What are the benefits of preparing without coaching?
  • Cost-effective: Coaching can be expensive, and self-study allows you to manage your resources efficiently.
  • Flexibility: You can tailor your study plan to your individual needs and pace.
  • Independence: You develop critical thinking and research skills, valuable assets for your career.
  1. What are the challenges of preparing without coaching?
  • Discipline and motivation: You need self-discipline to stay on track and motivated without external guidance. Coaching and Teacher keeps you motivated.
  • Access to resources: You may need to do extra research to find quality study materials and answer-writing practice opportunities. Teacher help you on this respect.
  • Doubt clearing: You might lack immediate access to someone to address your doubts and questions. Teacher like Vikash Ranjan sir is accessible to his students 24×7   Mo- 7303615329
  1. What additional resources can help me?
  • Vikash Ranjan Sir’s YouTube channel and website: Offers free Sociology lectures, study materials, and guidance.
  • Triumph IAS website: Provides past year question papers, model answers, and other helpful resources.
  • Public libraries and online databases: Utilize these resources for access to relevant books, journals, and academic articles. 

Sociology Optional Program for
UPSC CSE 2025 & 2026


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